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Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline

Little is known about viruses in oxygen-deficient water columns (ODWCs). In surface ocean waters, viruses are known to act as gene vectors among susceptible hosts. Some of these genes may have metabolic functions and are thus termed auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). AMGs introduced to new hosts by v...

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Autores principales: Mara, Paraskevi, Vik, Dean, Pachiadaki, Maria G., Suter, Elizabeth A., Poulos, Bonnie, Taylor, Gordon T., Sullivan, Matthew B., Edgcomb, Virginia P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7785012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32801311
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00739-3
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author Mara, Paraskevi
Vik, Dean
Pachiadaki, Maria G.
Suter, Elizabeth A.
Poulos, Bonnie
Taylor, Gordon T.
Sullivan, Matthew B.
Edgcomb, Virginia P.
author_facet Mara, Paraskevi
Vik, Dean
Pachiadaki, Maria G.
Suter, Elizabeth A.
Poulos, Bonnie
Taylor, Gordon T.
Sullivan, Matthew B.
Edgcomb, Virginia P.
author_sort Mara, Paraskevi
collection PubMed
description Little is known about viruses in oxygen-deficient water columns (ODWCs). In surface ocean waters, viruses are known to act as gene vectors among susceptible hosts. Some of these genes may have metabolic functions and are thus termed auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). AMGs introduced to new hosts by viruses can enhance viral replication and/or potentially affect biogeochemical cycles by modulating key microbial pathways. Here we identify 748 viral populations that cluster into 94 genera along a vertical geochemical gradient in the Cariaco Basin, a permanently stratified and euxinic ocean basin. The viral communities in this ODWC appear to be relatively novel as 80 of these viral genera contained no reference viral sequences, likely due to the isolation and unique features of this system. We identify viral elements that encode AMGs implicated in distinctive processes, such as sulfur cycling, acetate fermentation, signal transduction, [Fe–S] formation, and N-glycosylation. These AMG-encoding viruses include two putative Mu-like viruses, and viral-like regions that may constitute degraded prophages that have been modified by transposable elements. Our results provide an insight into the ecological and biogeochemical impact of viruses oxygen-depleted and euxinic habitats.
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spelling pubmed-77850122021-01-14 Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline Mara, Paraskevi Vik, Dean Pachiadaki, Maria G. Suter, Elizabeth A. Poulos, Bonnie Taylor, Gordon T. Sullivan, Matthew B. Edgcomb, Virginia P. ISME J Article Little is known about viruses in oxygen-deficient water columns (ODWCs). In surface ocean waters, viruses are known to act as gene vectors among susceptible hosts. Some of these genes may have metabolic functions and are thus termed auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). AMGs introduced to new hosts by viruses can enhance viral replication and/or potentially affect biogeochemical cycles by modulating key microbial pathways. Here we identify 748 viral populations that cluster into 94 genera along a vertical geochemical gradient in the Cariaco Basin, a permanently stratified and euxinic ocean basin. The viral communities in this ODWC appear to be relatively novel as 80 of these viral genera contained no reference viral sequences, likely due to the isolation and unique features of this system. We identify viral elements that encode AMGs implicated in distinctive processes, such as sulfur cycling, acetate fermentation, signal transduction, [Fe–S] formation, and N-glycosylation. These AMG-encoding viruses include two putative Mu-like viruses, and viral-like regions that may constitute degraded prophages that have been modified by transposable elements. Our results provide an insight into the ecological and biogeochemical impact of viruses oxygen-depleted and euxinic habitats. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-08-14 2020-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7785012/ /pubmed/32801311 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00739-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Mara, Paraskevi
Vik, Dean
Pachiadaki, Maria G.
Suter, Elizabeth A.
Poulos, Bonnie
Taylor, Gordon T.
Sullivan, Matthew B.
Edgcomb, Virginia P.
Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline
title Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline
title_full Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline
title_fullStr Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline
title_full_unstemmed Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline
title_short Viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified Cariaco Basin redoxcline
title_sort viral elements and their potential influence on microbial processes along the permanently stratified cariaco basin redoxcline
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7785012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32801311
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00739-3
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