A RFID-Based Infection Prevention and Control Mechanism in Aged Care Living Residences

In recent years, aged care living has drawn attention because of population aging and extension of average lifespan. Moreover, the rapid development of information communication technology and the internet of things lay the foundation for the application of sensor networks and cloud computing on medical care. Most elderly often suffer from chronic diseases due to weaker immunity causing a higher infection risk. The problem of infection controlling is an essential issue for residences living in aged care facilities. In the past, for infection control, medical personnel use the manual method of tracking, investigating, and interviewing patients to obtain patient contact list. This method cannot identify residents who have a high risk of infection, distinguish the distance between patients and other residents, and evaluate the risk of infection. To isolate all the residents who contact patients is the only solution that does not only cause repulsion of other residents but also waste medical resources. This study proposes a visual infection control positioning system for aged care facilities using the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology and IoT technology. It can calculate the distance between users and reduce the positioning error. The system combines location fingerprinting with the K-nearest neighbor algorithm to fix errors caused by signal fluctuation of RFID to improve the positioning accuracy. The system records the indoor movement path of the residents in a real-time manner through the positioning function. When infectious diseases spread in aged care living residences, to help medical personnel, the system can screen out residents with a high risk of infection who closely contact with patients according to the movement path of the patients and other residents, and visually display them. For some infectious diseases, residents who live together with patients may be infected even if they do not have contact with the patients closely. This system can also identify the residents whose cumulative contact time exceeds the limit according to the medical definition of various infectious diseases and input time value.