Effect of thermosonication on quality attributes of hog plum (Spondias mombin L.) juice

The use of thermosonication (TS) technique to preserve the qualities of fruit juice as an alternative to conventional pasteurization has attracted research interest in recent times. In the present study, freshly prepared hog plum juice (control), and the juice samples subjected to pasteurization (90 °C for 60 s) and thermosonication (40 kHz, 400 W at 40, 50 and 60 °C each for 5, 10, 20 and 30 min) were each analyzed for physicochemical, bioactive, microbial and sensory properties. After treatment, no significant changes in pH, total soluble solids and titratable acidity were observed. Notably, TS at 40 and 50 °C significantly (p < 0.05) improved color parameters, cloudiness and browning index. Furthermore, thermosonication increased ascorbic acid (11.40–18.55%), total phenolic content (17.98–18.35%), carotenoids (2.19–4.30%), flavonoids (10–16%) and antioxidant activity (32.52–48.5%) relative to the control. Both treatments significantly reduced the microbial count to non-detectable level after processing, while sensory attributes slightly improved. However, TS treatment at 60 °C decreased most of the quality parameters. Results showed that TS can improve quality, safety and economic potential of hog plum juice as a feasible alternative to pasteurization.