Bolton's analysis using a photogrammetric method on occlusal photographs

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to present a photogrammetric technique using standardized occlusal photographs to perform Bolton’s analysis and assess reliability of this new method with plaster study casts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 16 subjects (8 males, 8 females), aged 18-25 years. Standardized occlusal photographs and plaster study casts were obtained. The occlusal photographs were calibrated in Nemoceph® software. Mesio-distal dimensions of all teeth up to first molars were calculated and Bolton’s analysis was performed. Similarly, a digital calliper with 0.1 mm sensitivity was used to measure mesio-distal dimensions of all teeth on plaster study casts to perform Bolton’s analysis. 28 parameters were measured on study models and corresponding occlusal photographs. Paired t test and intraclass correlation tests were carried out to test validity and reliability of the photogrammetric method. An intraclass correlation test was calculated for 4 derived parameters to test reliability of Bolton’s analysis measurements obtained from occlusal photographs as compared to study models. RESULTS: All 28 parameters showed a statistically significant and excellent correlation (r>.80) in the Intra Class Correlation test. 4 variables used to calculate Bolton’s analysis showed statistically significant correlation (r>.96) in the intraclass correlation test. CONCLUSION: Photogrammetry is a reliable tool to measure mesio-distal tooth size. Bolton’s analysis from standardized occlusal photographs using the described photogrammetric technique can be used as an effective clinical tool.