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What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence

Cytokines and growth factors are known to play an important role in the skin wound closure process; however, in knockout organisms, the levels of these molecules can undergo changes that result in the delay or acceleration of this process. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from preclini...

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Autores principales: Nogueira, Bárbara Cristina Félix, Campos, Artur Kanadani, Alves, Raul Santos, Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias, Novaes, Rômulo Dias, Esposito, Debora, Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7787779/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33488938
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8862953
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author Nogueira, Bárbara Cristina Félix
Campos, Artur Kanadani
Alves, Raul Santos
Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias
Novaes, Rômulo Dias
Esposito, Debora
Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela
author_facet Nogueira, Bárbara Cristina Félix
Campos, Artur Kanadani
Alves, Raul Santos
Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias
Novaes, Rômulo Dias
Esposito, Debora
Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela
author_sort Nogueira, Bárbara Cristina Félix
collection PubMed
description Cytokines and growth factors are known to play an important role in the skin wound closure process; however, in knockout organisms, the levels of these molecules can undergo changes that result in the delay or acceleration of this process. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from preclinical studies about the main immunoregulatory molecules involved in skin repair through the analysis of the main mechanisms involved in the depletion of immunoregulatory genes, and we carried out a critical analysis of the methodological quality of these studies. We searched biomedical databases, and only original studies were analyzed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The included studies were limited to those which used knockout animals and excision or incision wound models without intervention. A total of 27 studies were selected; data for animal models, gene depletion, wound characteristics, and immunoregulatory molecules were evaluated and compared whenever possible. Methodological quality assessments were examined using the ARRIVE and SYRCLE's bias of risk tool. In our review, the extracellular molecules act more negatively in the wound healing process when silenced and the metabolic pathway most affected involved in these processes was TGF-β/Smad, and emphasis was given to the importance of the participation of macrophages in TGF-β signaling. Besides that, proinflammatory molecules were more evaluated than anti-inflammatory ones, and the main molecules evaluated were, respectively, TGF-β1, followed by VEGF, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Overall, most gene depletions delayed wound healing, negatively influenced the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, and consequently promoted a decrease of inflammatory cell infiltration, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition, compromising the formation of granulation tissue. The studies presented heterogeneous data and exhibited methodological limitations; therefore, mechanistic and highly controlled studies are required to improve the quality of the evidence.
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spelling pubmed-77877792021-01-22 What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence Nogueira, Bárbara Cristina Félix Campos, Artur Kanadani Alves, Raul Santos Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias Novaes, Rômulo Dias Esposito, Debora Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela Oxid Med Cell Longev Research Article Cytokines and growth factors are known to play an important role in the skin wound closure process; however, in knockout organisms, the levels of these molecules can undergo changes that result in the delay or acceleration of this process. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evidence from preclinical studies about the main immunoregulatory molecules involved in skin repair through the analysis of the main mechanisms involved in the depletion of immunoregulatory genes, and we carried out a critical analysis of the methodological quality of these studies. We searched biomedical databases, and only original studies were analyzed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The included studies were limited to those which used knockout animals and excision or incision wound models without intervention. A total of 27 studies were selected; data for animal models, gene depletion, wound characteristics, and immunoregulatory molecules were evaluated and compared whenever possible. Methodological quality assessments were examined using the ARRIVE and SYRCLE's bias of risk tool. In our review, the extracellular molecules act more negatively in the wound healing process when silenced and the metabolic pathway most affected involved in these processes was TGF-β/Smad, and emphasis was given to the importance of the participation of macrophages in TGF-β signaling. Besides that, proinflammatory molecules were more evaluated than anti-inflammatory ones, and the main molecules evaluated were, respectively, TGF-β1, followed by VEGF, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Overall, most gene depletions delayed wound healing, negatively influenced the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, and consequently promoted a decrease of inflammatory cell infiltration, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition, compromising the formation of granulation tissue. The studies presented heterogeneous data and exhibited methodological limitations; therefore, mechanistic and highly controlled studies are required to improve the quality of the evidence. Hindawi 2020-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7787779/ /pubmed/33488938 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8862953 Text en Copyright © 2020 Bárbara Cristina Félix Nogueira et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nogueira, Bárbara Cristina Félix
Campos, Artur Kanadani
Alves, Raul Santos
Sarandy, Mariáurea Matias
Novaes, Rômulo Dias
Esposito, Debora
Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela
What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence
title What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence
title_full What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence
title_fullStr What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence
title_full_unstemmed What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence
title_short What Is the Impact of Depletion of Immunoregulatory Genes on Wound Healing? A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence
title_sort what is the impact of depletion of immunoregulatory genes on wound healing? a systematic review of preclinical evidence
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7787779/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33488938
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8862953
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