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Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer
AS (alternative splicing) is a fundamental process by which a gene can generate multiple distinct mRNA transcripts to increase protein diversity. Defects in AS influence the occurrence and development of many diseases, including cancers, and are frequently found to participate in various aspects of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7789004/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33407694 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01798-2 |
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author | Liu, Yunze Liu, Xin Lin, Changwei Jia, Xianhong Zhu, Hongmei Song, Jun Zhang, Yi |
author_facet | Liu, Yunze Liu, Xin Lin, Changwei Jia, Xianhong Zhu, Hongmei Song, Jun Zhang, Yi |
author_sort | Liu, Yunze |
collection | PubMed |
description | AS (alternative splicing) is a fundamental process by which a gene can generate multiple distinct mRNA transcripts to increase protein diversity. Defects in AS influence the occurrence and development of many diseases, including cancers, and are frequently found to participate in various aspects of cancer biology, such as promoting invasion, metastasis, apoptosis resistance and drug resistance. NcRNAs (noncoding RNAs) are an abundant class of RNAs that do not encode proteins. NcRNAs include miRNAs (microRNAs), lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs), circRNAs (circular RNAs) and snRNAs (small nuclear RNAs) and have been proven to act as regulatory molecules that mediate cancer processes through AS. NcRNAs can directly or indirectly influence a plethora of molecular targets to regulate cis-acting elements, trans-acting factors, or pre-mRNA transcription at multiple levels, affecting the AS process and generating alternatively spliced isoforms. Consequently, ncRNA-mediated AS outcomes affect multiple cellular signaling pathways that promote or suppress cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the current mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate AS in cancers and discuss their potential clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7789004 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77890042021-01-07 Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer Liu, Yunze Liu, Xin Lin, Changwei Jia, Xianhong Zhu, Hongmei Song, Jun Zhang, Yi J Exp Clin Cancer Res Review AS (alternative splicing) is a fundamental process by which a gene can generate multiple distinct mRNA transcripts to increase protein diversity. Defects in AS influence the occurrence and development of many diseases, including cancers, and are frequently found to participate in various aspects of cancer biology, such as promoting invasion, metastasis, apoptosis resistance and drug resistance. NcRNAs (noncoding RNAs) are an abundant class of RNAs that do not encode proteins. NcRNAs include miRNAs (microRNAs), lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs), circRNAs (circular RNAs) and snRNAs (small nuclear RNAs) and have been proven to act as regulatory molecules that mediate cancer processes through AS. NcRNAs can directly or indirectly influence a plethora of molecular targets to regulate cis-acting elements, trans-acting factors, or pre-mRNA transcription at multiple levels, affecting the AS process and generating alternatively spliced isoforms. Consequently, ncRNA-mediated AS outcomes affect multiple cellular signaling pathways that promote or suppress cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the current mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate AS in cancers and discuss their potential clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. BioMed Central 2021-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7789004/ /pubmed/33407694 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01798-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review Liu, Yunze Liu, Xin Lin, Changwei Jia, Xianhong Zhu, Hongmei Song, Jun Zhang, Yi Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer |
title | Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer |
title_full | Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer |
title_fullStr | Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer |
title_short | Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer |
title_sort | noncoding rnas regulate alternative splicing in cancer |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7789004/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33407694 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01798-2 |
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