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Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)

Ticks are arthropod ectoparasites and vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health worldwide. The exoskeleton is a structure that protect arthropods from natural threats such as predators and diseases. Both structural proteins and chemical elements are components of the exoskeleton. Howeve...

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Autores principales: de la Fuente, José, Lima-Barbero, José Francisco, Prado, Eduardo, Pacheco, Iván, Alberdi, Pilar, Villar, Margarita
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7790738/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33489003
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.01.003
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author de la Fuente, José
Lima-Barbero, José Francisco
Prado, Eduardo
Pacheco, Iván
Alberdi, Pilar
Villar, Margarita
author_facet de la Fuente, José
Lima-Barbero, José Francisco
Prado, Eduardo
Pacheco, Iván
Alberdi, Pilar
Villar, Margarita
author_sort de la Fuente, José
collection PubMed
description Ticks are arthropod ectoparasites and vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health worldwide. The exoskeleton is a structure that protect arthropods from natural threats such as predators and diseases. Both structural proteins and chemical elements are components of the exoskeleton. However, the chemical composition and effect of pathogen infection on tick exoskeleton properties has not been characterized. In this study, we characterized the chemical composition of tick exoskeleton and the effect of Anaplasma pathogen infection on the chemical elements of the exoskeleton and selected structural proteins. The chemical composition was characterized ventral, dorsal upper and dorsal lower regions of tick exoskeleton by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy and compared between infected and uninfected ticks. The levels of selected structural proteins were analyzed in infected and uninfected I. scapularis salivary glands by immunofluorescence analysis. The results showed that tick exoskeleton contains chemical elements also found in other arthropods. Some of the identified elements such as Mg and Al may be involved in tick exoskeleton stabilization through biomineralization of structural proteins that may be overrepresented in response to pathogen infection. These results suggested that pathogen infection alters the chemical composition of tick exoskeleton by mechanisms still to be characterized and with tick species and exoskeleton region-specific differences.
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spelling pubmed-77907382021-01-22 Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) de la Fuente, José Lima-Barbero, José Francisco Prado, Eduardo Pacheco, Iván Alberdi, Pilar Villar, Margarita Comput Struct Biotechnol J Communications Ticks are arthropod ectoparasites and vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health worldwide. The exoskeleton is a structure that protect arthropods from natural threats such as predators and diseases. Both structural proteins and chemical elements are components of the exoskeleton. However, the chemical composition and effect of pathogen infection on tick exoskeleton properties has not been characterized. In this study, we characterized the chemical composition of tick exoskeleton and the effect of Anaplasma pathogen infection on the chemical elements of the exoskeleton and selected structural proteins. The chemical composition was characterized ventral, dorsal upper and dorsal lower regions of tick exoskeleton by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy and compared between infected and uninfected ticks. The levels of selected structural proteins were analyzed in infected and uninfected I. scapularis salivary glands by immunofluorescence analysis. The results showed that tick exoskeleton contains chemical elements also found in other arthropods. Some of the identified elements such as Mg and Al may be involved in tick exoskeleton stabilization through biomineralization of structural proteins that may be overrepresented in response to pathogen infection. These results suggested that pathogen infection alters the chemical composition of tick exoskeleton by mechanisms still to be characterized and with tick species and exoskeleton region-specific differences. Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology 2020-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7790738/ /pubmed/33489003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.01.003 Text en © 2020 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communications
de la Fuente, José
Lima-Barbero, José Francisco
Prado, Eduardo
Pacheco, Iván
Alberdi, Pilar
Villar, Margarita
Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
title Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
title_full Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
title_fullStr Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
title_full_unstemmed Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
title_short Anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)
title_sort anaplasma pathogen infection alters chemical composition of the exoskeleton of hard ticks (acari: ixodidae)
topic Communications
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7790738/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33489003
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.01.003
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