Cargando…
Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries
BACKGROUND: Physical durability of long-lasting-insecticidal nets (LLIN) is an important aspect of the effectiveness of LLIN as a malaria prevention tool, but there is limited data on performance across locations and products. This secondary analysis of data from the VectorWorks project from 10 site...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7791654/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33413388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03549-2 |
_version_ | 1783633638219317248 |
---|---|
author | Kilian, Albert Obi, Emmanuel Mansiangi, Paul Abílio, Ana Paula Haji, Khamis Ameir Blaufuss, Sean Olapeju, Bolanle Babalola, Stella Koenker, Hannah |
author_facet | Kilian, Albert Obi, Emmanuel Mansiangi, Paul Abílio, Ana Paula Haji, Khamis Ameir Blaufuss, Sean Olapeju, Bolanle Babalola, Stella Koenker, Hannah |
author_sort | Kilian, Albert |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Physical durability of long-lasting-insecticidal nets (LLIN) is an important aspect of the effectiveness of LLIN as a malaria prevention tool, but there is limited data on performance across locations and products. This secondary analysis of data from the VectorWorks project from 10 sites in four African countries involving six LLIN brands provides such data. METHODS: A total of 4672 campaign nets from 1976 households were recruited into prospective cohort studies 2–6 months after distribution through campaigns and followed for 3 years in Mozambique, Nigeria, DRC and Zanzibar, Tanzania. LLIN products included two 100 denier polyester LLIN (DawaPlus(®) 2.0, PermaNet(®) 2.0) distributed in five sites and four 150 denier polyethylene LLIN (Royal Sentry(®), MAGNet(®), DuraNet©, Olyset™ Net) distributed in five sites. Primary outcome was LLIN survival in serviceable condition and median survival in years. Net use environment and net care variables were collected during four household surveys. Determinants of physical durability were explored by survival analysis and Cox regression models with risk of failure starting with the first hanging of the net. RESULTS: Definite outcomes for physical durability were obtained for 75% of study nets. After 31 to 37 months survival in serviceable condition varied between sites by 63 percentage-points, from 17 to 80%. Median survival varied by 3.7 years, from 1.6 to 5.3 years. Similar magnitude of variation was seen for polyethylene and polyester LLIN and for the same brand. Cox regression showed increasing net care attitude in combination with exposure to net related messages to be the strongest explanatory variable of survival. However, differences between countries also remained significant. In contrast, no difference was seen for LLIN material types. CONCLUSIONS: Variation in net use environment and net care is the main reason for differences in the physical durability of LLIN products in different locations. While some of these factors have been identified to work across countries, other factors remain poorly defined and further investigation is needed in this area. Grouping LLIN brands by similar textile characteristics, such as material or yarn strength, is insufficient to distinguish LLIN product performance suggesting a more differentiated, composite metric is needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7791654 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77916542021-01-11 Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries Kilian, Albert Obi, Emmanuel Mansiangi, Paul Abílio, Ana Paula Haji, Khamis Ameir Blaufuss, Sean Olapeju, Bolanle Babalola, Stella Koenker, Hannah Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Physical durability of long-lasting-insecticidal nets (LLIN) is an important aspect of the effectiveness of LLIN as a malaria prevention tool, but there is limited data on performance across locations and products. This secondary analysis of data from the VectorWorks project from 10 sites in four African countries involving six LLIN brands provides such data. METHODS: A total of 4672 campaign nets from 1976 households were recruited into prospective cohort studies 2–6 months after distribution through campaigns and followed for 3 years in Mozambique, Nigeria, DRC and Zanzibar, Tanzania. LLIN products included two 100 denier polyester LLIN (DawaPlus(®) 2.0, PermaNet(®) 2.0) distributed in five sites and four 150 denier polyethylene LLIN (Royal Sentry(®), MAGNet(®), DuraNet©, Olyset™ Net) distributed in five sites. Primary outcome was LLIN survival in serviceable condition and median survival in years. Net use environment and net care variables were collected during four household surveys. Determinants of physical durability were explored by survival analysis and Cox regression models with risk of failure starting with the first hanging of the net. RESULTS: Definite outcomes for physical durability were obtained for 75% of study nets. After 31 to 37 months survival in serviceable condition varied between sites by 63 percentage-points, from 17 to 80%. Median survival varied by 3.7 years, from 1.6 to 5.3 years. Similar magnitude of variation was seen for polyethylene and polyester LLIN and for the same brand. Cox regression showed increasing net care attitude in combination with exposure to net related messages to be the strongest explanatory variable of survival. However, differences between countries also remained significant. In contrast, no difference was seen for LLIN material types. CONCLUSIONS: Variation in net use environment and net care is the main reason for differences in the physical durability of LLIN products in different locations. While some of these factors have been identified to work across countries, other factors remain poorly defined and further investigation is needed in this area. Grouping LLIN brands by similar textile characteristics, such as material or yarn strength, is insufficient to distinguish LLIN product performance suggesting a more differentiated, composite metric is needed. BioMed Central 2021-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7791654/ /pubmed/33413388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03549-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Kilian, Albert Obi, Emmanuel Mansiangi, Paul Abílio, Ana Paula Haji, Khamis Ameir Blaufuss, Sean Olapeju, Bolanle Babalola, Stella Koenker, Hannah Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries |
title | Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries |
title_full | Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries |
title_fullStr | Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries |
title_full_unstemmed | Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries |
title_short | Variation of physical durability between LLIN products and net use environments: summary of findings from four African countries |
title_sort | variation of physical durability between llin products and net use environments: summary of findings from four african countries |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7791654/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33413388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03549-2 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kilianalbert variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT obiemmanuel variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT mansiangipaul variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT abilioanapaula variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT hajikhamisameir variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT blaufusssean variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT olapejubolanle variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT babalolastella variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries AT koenkerhannah variationofphysicaldurabilitybetweenllinproductsandnetuseenvironmentssummaryoffindingsfromfourafricancountries |