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Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell
This report focuses on the synthesis of novel 2,3,4,5-tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (TTT-co-P3HT) as a donor material for organic solar cells (OSCs). The properties of the synthesized TTT-co-P3HT were compared with those of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl (P3HT). The struct...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7792595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374983 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010002 |
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author | Ramoroka, Morongwa E. Mdluli, Siyabonga B. John-Denk, Vivian S. Modibane, Kwena D. Arendse, Christopher J. Iwuoha, Emmanuel I. |
author_facet | Ramoroka, Morongwa E. Mdluli, Siyabonga B. John-Denk, Vivian S. Modibane, Kwena D. Arendse, Christopher J. Iwuoha, Emmanuel I. |
author_sort | Ramoroka, Morongwa E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | This report focuses on the synthesis of novel 2,3,4,5-tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (TTT-co-P3HT) as a donor material for organic solar cells (OSCs). The properties of the synthesized TTT-co-P3HT were compared with those of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl (P3HT). The structure of TTT-co-P3HT was studied using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was seen that TTT-co-P3HT possessed a broader electrochemical and optical band-gap as compared to P3HT. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to determine lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy gaps of TTT-co-P3HT and P3HT were found to be 2.19 and 1.97 eV, respectively. Photoluminescence revealed that TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM have insufficient electron/hole separation and charge transfer when compared to P3HT:PC(71)BM. All devices were fabricated outside a glovebox. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.15% was obtained for P3HT:PC(71)BM device and 0.14% was obtained for TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM device. Further studies were done on fabricated OSCs during this work using electrochemical methods. The studies revealed that the presence of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) on the surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) causes a reduction in cyclic voltammogram oxidation/reduction peak current and increases the charge transfer resistance in comparison with a bare ITO. We also examined the ITO/PEDOT:PSS electrode coated with TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM, TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM/ZnO, P3HT:PC(71)BM and P3HT:PC(71)BM/ZnO. The study revealed that PEDOT:PSS does not completely block electrons from active layer to reach the ITO electrode. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7792595 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77925952021-01-09 Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell Ramoroka, Morongwa E. Mdluli, Siyabonga B. John-Denk, Vivian S. Modibane, Kwena D. Arendse, Christopher J. Iwuoha, Emmanuel I. Polymers (Basel) Article This report focuses on the synthesis of novel 2,3,4,5-tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (TTT-co-P3HT) as a donor material for organic solar cells (OSCs). The properties of the synthesized TTT-co-P3HT were compared with those of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl (P3HT). The structure of TTT-co-P3HT was studied using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was seen that TTT-co-P3HT possessed a broader electrochemical and optical band-gap as compared to P3HT. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to determine lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy gaps of TTT-co-P3HT and P3HT were found to be 2.19 and 1.97 eV, respectively. Photoluminescence revealed that TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM have insufficient electron/hole separation and charge transfer when compared to P3HT:PC(71)BM. All devices were fabricated outside a glovebox. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.15% was obtained for P3HT:PC(71)BM device and 0.14% was obtained for TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM device. Further studies were done on fabricated OSCs during this work using electrochemical methods. The studies revealed that the presence of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) on the surface of indium tin oxide (ITO) causes a reduction in cyclic voltammogram oxidation/reduction peak current and increases the charge transfer resistance in comparison with a bare ITO. We also examined the ITO/PEDOT:PSS electrode coated with TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM, TTT-co-P3HT:PC(71)BM/ZnO, P3HT:PC(71)BM and P3HT:PC(71)BM/ZnO. The study revealed that PEDOT:PSS does not completely block electrons from active layer to reach the ITO electrode. MDPI 2020-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7792595/ /pubmed/33374983 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010002 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ramoroka, Morongwa E. Mdluli, Siyabonga B. John-Denk, Vivian S. Modibane, Kwena D. Arendse, Christopher J. Iwuoha, Emmanuel I. Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell |
title | Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell |
title_full | Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell |
title_fullStr | Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell |
title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell |
title_short | Synthesis and Photovoltaics of Novel 2,3,4,5-Tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) Donor Polymer for Organic Solar Cell |
title_sort | synthesis and photovoltaics of novel 2,3,4,5-tetrathienylthiophene-co-poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) donor polymer for organic solar cell |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7792595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374983 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010002 |
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