Cargando…

Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater

The valorization of olive pomace through the extraction of phenolic compounds at an industrial scale is influenced by several factors that can have a significant impact on the feasibility of this approach. These include the types and levels of phenolic compounds that are present, the impact that sea...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Miklavčič Višnjevec, Ana, Baker, Paul, Charlton, Adam, Preskett, Dave, Peeters, Kelly, Tavzes, Črtomir, Kramberger, Katja, Schwarzkopf, Matthew
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7792767/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33375027
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010007
_version_ 1783633859338829824
author Miklavčič Višnjevec, Ana
Baker, Paul
Charlton, Adam
Preskett, Dave
Peeters, Kelly
Tavzes, Črtomir
Kramberger, Katja
Schwarzkopf, Matthew
author_facet Miklavčič Višnjevec, Ana
Baker, Paul
Charlton, Adam
Preskett, Dave
Peeters, Kelly
Tavzes, Črtomir
Kramberger, Katja
Schwarzkopf, Matthew
author_sort Miklavčič Višnjevec, Ana
collection PubMed
description The valorization of olive pomace through the extraction of phenolic compounds at an industrial scale is influenced by several factors that can have a significant impact on the feasibility of this approach. These include the types and levels of phenolic compounds that are present, the impact that seasonal variation and cultivar type have on the phenolic compound content in both olive pomace and mill effluents and the technological approach used to process the olive crop. Chemical analysis of phenolic compounds was performed using an HPLC-diode-array detector (DAD)-qTOF system, resulting in the identification of 45 compounds in olive mill wastewater and pomace, where secoiridoids comprised 50–60% of the total phenolic content. This study examined three different factors that could impact the phenolic compound content of these processing streams, including cultivar types typically grown on local farms in Slovenia, the type of downstream processing used and seasonality effects. Olive crop varieties sourced from local farms showed high variability, and the highest phenolic content was associated with the local variety “Istrska Belica”. During processing, the phenolic content was on average approximately 50% higher during two-phase decanting compared to three-phase decanting and the type of compound present significantly different. An investigation into the seasonal effects revealed that the phenolic content was 20% higher during the 2019 growing season compared to 2018. A larger sample size over additional growing seasons is required to fully understand the annual variation in phenolic compound content. The methods and results used in this study provide a basis for further analysis of phenolic compounds present in the European Union’s olive crop processing residues and will inform techno-economic modelling for the development of olive biorefineries in Slovenia.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7792767
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-77927672021-01-09 Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater Miklavčič Višnjevec, Ana Baker, Paul Charlton, Adam Preskett, Dave Peeters, Kelly Tavzes, Črtomir Kramberger, Katja Schwarzkopf, Matthew Molecules Article The valorization of olive pomace through the extraction of phenolic compounds at an industrial scale is influenced by several factors that can have a significant impact on the feasibility of this approach. These include the types and levels of phenolic compounds that are present, the impact that seasonal variation and cultivar type have on the phenolic compound content in both olive pomace and mill effluents and the technological approach used to process the olive crop. Chemical analysis of phenolic compounds was performed using an HPLC-diode-array detector (DAD)-qTOF system, resulting in the identification of 45 compounds in olive mill wastewater and pomace, where secoiridoids comprised 50–60% of the total phenolic content. This study examined three different factors that could impact the phenolic compound content of these processing streams, including cultivar types typically grown on local farms in Slovenia, the type of downstream processing used and seasonality effects. Olive crop varieties sourced from local farms showed high variability, and the highest phenolic content was associated with the local variety “Istrska Belica”. During processing, the phenolic content was on average approximately 50% higher during two-phase decanting compared to three-phase decanting and the type of compound present significantly different. An investigation into the seasonal effects revealed that the phenolic content was 20% higher during the 2019 growing season compared to 2018. A larger sample size over additional growing seasons is required to fully understand the annual variation in phenolic compound content. The methods and results used in this study provide a basis for further analysis of phenolic compounds present in the European Union’s olive crop processing residues and will inform techno-economic modelling for the development of olive biorefineries in Slovenia. MDPI 2020-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7792767/ /pubmed/33375027 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010007 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Miklavčič Višnjevec, Ana
Baker, Paul
Charlton, Adam
Preskett, Dave
Peeters, Kelly
Tavzes, Črtomir
Kramberger, Katja
Schwarzkopf, Matthew
Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater
title Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater
title_full Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater
title_fullStr Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater
title_full_unstemmed Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater
title_short Developing an Olive Biorefinery in Slovenia: Analysis of Phenolic Compounds Found in Olive Mill Pomace and Wastewater
title_sort developing an olive biorefinery in slovenia: analysis of phenolic compounds found in olive mill pomace and wastewater
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7792767/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33375027
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010007
work_keys_str_mv AT miklavcicvisnjevecana developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater
AT bakerpaul developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater
AT charltonadam developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater
AT preskettdave developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater
AT peeterskelly developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater
AT tavzescrtomir developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater
AT krambergerkatja developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater
AT schwarzkopfmatthew developinganolivebiorefineryinsloveniaanalysisofphenoliccompoundsfoundinolivemillpomaceandwastewater