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Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles

An aircraft that moves through the atmosphere at hypersonic speed is covered by plasma sheath, which causes random and fast time-varying amplitude attenuation and phase fluctuation in received signals. This paper comprehensively analyzes the mechanism of the amplitude attenuation effects on a tradit...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shi, Lei, Yuan, Shurong, Yao, Bo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7792970/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33375110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010021
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author Shi, Lei
Yuan, Shurong
Yao, Bo
author_facet Shi, Lei
Yuan, Shurong
Yao, Bo
author_sort Shi, Lei
collection PubMed
description An aircraft that moves through the atmosphere at hypersonic speed is covered by plasma sheath, which causes random and fast time-varying amplitude attenuation and phase fluctuation in received signals. This paper comprehensively analyzes the mechanism of the amplitude attenuation effects on a traditional phase-locked loop (PLL), which is always ignored in traditional scenarios (such as satellite telemetry and vehicle communication). Simulation results and theoretical analysis showed that traditional PLL does not work reliably for signal carrier tracking with the severe time-varying amplitude attenuation of the plasma sheath channel. In this paper, an unconventionally designed Kalman filter (KF) tracking loop that is aware of phase dynamics and amplitude attenuation fluctuation for hypersonic vehicles is proposed. To introduce time-varying amplitude attenuation into the proposed KF-based tracking loop, the amplitude attenuation is first modeled with an autoregressive model. The statistical characteristics of the amplitude and phase fluctuation are then incorporated into the state equation and observation equation. Simulation results indicate that the proposed tracking loop is stable when the signal-to-noise ratio is −10 dB with the Ka band, even in the most severe flight environment for hypersonic vehicles.
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spelling pubmed-77929702021-01-09 Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles Shi, Lei Yuan, Shurong Yao, Bo Sensors (Basel) Article An aircraft that moves through the atmosphere at hypersonic speed is covered by plasma sheath, which causes random and fast time-varying amplitude attenuation and phase fluctuation in received signals. This paper comprehensively analyzes the mechanism of the amplitude attenuation effects on a traditional phase-locked loop (PLL), which is always ignored in traditional scenarios (such as satellite telemetry and vehicle communication). Simulation results and theoretical analysis showed that traditional PLL does not work reliably for signal carrier tracking with the severe time-varying amplitude attenuation of the plasma sheath channel. In this paper, an unconventionally designed Kalman filter (KF) tracking loop that is aware of phase dynamics and amplitude attenuation fluctuation for hypersonic vehicles is proposed. To introduce time-varying amplitude attenuation into the proposed KF-based tracking loop, the amplitude attenuation is first modeled with an autoregressive model. The statistical characteristics of the amplitude and phase fluctuation are then incorporated into the state equation and observation equation. Simulation results indicate that the proposed tracking loop is stable when the signal-to-noise ratio is −10 dB with the Ka band, even in the most severe flight environment for hypersonic vehicles. MDPI 2020-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7792970/ /pubmed/33375110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010021 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shi, Lei
Yuan, Shurong
Yao, Bo
Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles
title Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles
title_full Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles
title_fullStr Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles
title_full_unstemmed Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles
title_short Unconventionally Designed Tracking Loop Adaptable to Plasma Sheath Channel for Hypersonic Vehicles
title_sort unconventionally designed tracking loop adaptable to plasma sheath channel for hypersonic vehicles
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7792970/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33375110
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010021
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