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Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes

The development of low-cost electrode devices from conductive materials has recently attracted considerable attention as a sustainable means to replace the existing commercially available electrodes. In this study, two different electrode surfaces (surfaces 1 and 2, denoted as S1 and S2) were fabric...

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Autores principales: Hamzah, Hairul Hisham, Saleh, Nur Hidayah, Patel, Bhavik Anil, Mahat, Mohd Muzamir, Shafiee, Saiful Arifin, Sönmez, Turgut
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7793067/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374496
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010021
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author Hamzah, Hairul Hisham
Saleh, Nur Hidayah
Patel, Bhavik Anil
Mahat, Mohd Muzamir
Shafiee, Saiful Arifin
Sönmez, Turgut
author_facet Hamzah, Hairul Hisham
Saleh, Nur Hidayah
Patel, Bhavik Anil
Mahat, Mohd Muzamir
Shafiee, Saiful Arifin
Sönmez, Turgut
author_sort Hamzah, Hairul Hisham
collection PubMed
description The development of low-cost electrode devices from conductive materials has recently attracted considerable attention as a sustainable means to replace the existing commercially available electrodes. In this study, two different electrode surfaces (surfaces 1 and 2, denoted as S1 and S2) were fabricated from chocolate wrapping aluminum foils. Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to investigate the elemental composition and surface morphology of the prepared electrodes. Meanwhile, cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used to assess the electrical conductivities and the electrochemical activities of the prepared electrodes. It was found that the fabricated electrode strips, particularly the S1 electrode, showed good electrochemical responses and conductivity properties in phosphate buffer (PB) solutions. Interestingly, both of the electrodes can respond to the ruthenium hexamine (Ruhex) redox species. The fundamental results presented from this study indicate that this electrode material can be an inexpensive alternative for the electrode substrate. Overall, our findings indicate that electrodes made from chocolate wrapping materials have promise as electrochemical sensors and can be utilized in various applications.
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spelling pubmed-77930672021-01-09 Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes Hamzah, Hairul Hisham Saleh, Nur Hidayah Patel, Bhavik Anil Mahat, Mohd Muzamir Shafiee, Saiful Arifin Sönmez, Turgut Molecules Article The development of low-cost electrode devices from conductive materials has recently attracted considerable attention as a sustainable means to replace the existing commercially available electrodes. In this study, two different electrode surfaces (surfaces 1 and 2, denoted as S1 and S2) were fabricated from chocolate wrapping aluminum foils. Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to investigate the elemental composition and surface morphology of the prepared electrodes. Meanwhile, cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used to assess the electrical conductivities and the electrochemical activities of the prepared electrodes. It was found that the fabricated electrode strips, particularly the S1 electrode, showed good electrochemical responses and conductivity properties in phosphate buffer (PB) solutions. Interestingly, both of the electrodes can respond to the ruthenium hexamine (Ruhex) redox species. The fundamental results presented from this study indicate that this electrode material can be an inexpensive alternative for the electrode substrate. Overall, our findings indicate that electrodes made from chocolate wrapping materials have promise as electrochemical sensors and can be utilized in various applications. MDPI 2020-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7793067/ /pubmed/33374496 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010021 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hamzah, Hairul Hisham
Saleh, Nur Hidayah
Patel, Bhavik Anil
Mahat, Mohd Muzamir
Shafiee, Saiful Arifin
Sönmez, Turgut
Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes
title Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes
title_full Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes
title_fullStr Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes
title_full_unstemmed Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes
title_short Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes
title_sort recycling chocolate aluminum wrapping foil as to create electrochemical metal strip electrodes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7793067/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374496
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010021
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