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A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates
Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data proceeds from a fixed set of primary homology statements, the character-by-taxon matrix. However, there are cases where multiple conflicting homology statements can be justified from comparative anatomy. The upper jaw bones of placoderms have traditionally...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7793628/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33274719 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62374 |
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author | King, Benedict Rücklin, Martin |
author_facet | King, Benedict Rücklin, Martin |
author_sort | King, Benedict |
collection | PubMed |
description | Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data proceeds from a fixed set of primary homology statements, the character-by-taxon matrix. However, there are cases where multiple conflicting homology statements can be justified from comparative anatomy. The upper jaw bones of placoderms have traditionally been considered homologous to the palatal vomer-dermopalatine series of osteichthyans. The discovery of ‘maxillate’ placoderms led to the alternative hypothesis that ‘core’ placoderm jaw bones are premaxillae and maxillae lacking external (facial) laminae. We introduce a BEAST2 package for simultaneous inference of homology and phylogeny, and find strong evidence for the latter hypothesis. Phenetic analysis of reconstructed ancestors suggests that maxillate placoderms are the most plesiomorphic known gnathostomes, and the shared cranial architecture of arthrodire placoderms, maxillate placoderms and osteichthyans is inherited. We suggest that the gnathostome ancestor possessed maxillae and premaxillae with facial and palatal laminae, and that these bones underwent divergent evolutionary trajectories in placoderms and osteichthyans. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7793628 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77936282021-01-11 A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates King, Benedict Rücklin, Martin eLife Evolutionary Biology Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data proceeds from a fixed set of primary homology statements, the character-by-taxon matrix. However, there are cases where multiple conflicting homology statements can be justified from comparative anatomy. The upper jaw bones of placoderms have traditionally been considered homologous to the palatal vomer-dermopalatine series of osteichthyans. The discovery of ‘maxillate’ placoderms led to the alternative hypothesis that ‘core’ placoderm jaw bones are premaxillae and maxillae lacking external (facial) laminae. We introduce a BEAST2 package for simultaneous inference of homology and phylogeny, and find strong evidence for the latter hypothesis. Phenetic analysis of reconstructed ancestors suggests that maxillate placoderms are the most plesiomorphic known gnathostomes, and the shared cranial architecture of arthrodire placoderms, maxillate placoderms and osteichthyans is inherited. We suggest that the gnathostome ancestor possessed maxillae and premaxillae with facial and palatal laminae, and that these bones underwent divergent evolutionary trajectories in placoderms and osteichthyans. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2020-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7793628/ /pubmed/33274719 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62374 Text en © 2020, King and Rücklin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Evolutionary Biology King, Benedict Rücklin, Martin A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates |
title | A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates |
title_full | A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates |
title_fullStr | A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates |
title_full_unstemmed | A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates |
title_short | A Bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates |
title_sort | bayesian approach to dynamic homology of morphological characters and the ancestral phenotype of jawed vertebrates |
topic | Evolutionary Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7793628/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33274719 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.62374 |
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