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The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria

Wheat bran is a cereal rich in dietary fibers that have high levels of ferulic acid, which has prebiotic effects on the intestinal microbiota and the host. Herein we explored the effect of xylooligosaccharide, xylan, and whole wheat bran on the human gut bacteria and screened for potential ferulic a...

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Autores principales: Chen, Miao, Liu, Shujun, Imam, Khandaker Md. Sharif Uddin, Sun, Lichao, Wang, Yulu, Gu, Tianyi, Wen, Boting, Xin, Fengjiao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7794011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33424778
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.568457
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author Chen, Miao
Liu, Shujun
Imam, Khandaker Md. Sharif Uddin
Sun, Lichao
Wang, Yulu
Gu, Tianyi
Wen, Boting
Xin, Fengjiao
author_facet Chen, Miao
Liu, Shujun
Imam, Khandaker Md. Sharif Uddin
Sun, Lichao
Wang, Yulu
Gu, Tianyi
Wen, Boting
Xin, Fengjiao
author_sort Chen, Miao
collection PubMed
description Wheat bran is a cereal rich in dietary fibers that have high levels of ferulic acid, which has prebiotic effects on the intestinal microbiota and the host. Herein we explored the effect of xylooligosaccharide, xylan, and whole wheat bran on the human gut bacteria and screened for potential ferulic acid esterase genes. Using in vitro fermentation, we analyzed the air pressure, pH-value, and short-chain fatty acid levels. We also performed 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing. A Venn diagram analysis revealed that 80% of the core operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were shared among the samples, and most of the xylooligosaccharide treatment core OTUs (319/333 OTUs) were shared with the other two treatments’ core OTUs. A significant difference analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Dorea, Bilophila, and Sulfurovum in wheat bran treatment was higher than that in xylan and xylooligosaccharide treatments. The clusters of orthologous groups of proteins functional composition of all samples was similar to the microbiota composition of the control. Using metagenomic sequencing, we revealed seven genes containing the conserved residues, Gly-X-Ser-X-Gly, and the catalytic triad, Ser-His-Asp, which are thus potential ferulic acid esterase genes. All the results indicate that xylan and/or xylooligosaccharide, the main dietary fibers in wheat bran, plays a major role in in vitro fermentation by the human gut microbiota.
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spelling pubmed-77940112021-01-09 The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria Chen, Miao Liu, Shujun Imam, Khandaker Md. Sharif Uddin Sun, Lichao Wang, Yulu Gu, Tianyi Wen, Boting Xin, Fengjiao Front Microbiol Microbiology Wheat bran is a cereal rich in dietary fibers that have high levels of ferulic acid, which has prebiotic effects on the intestinal microbiota and the host. Herein we explored the effect of xylooligosaccharide, xylan, and whole wheat bran on the human gut bacteria and screened for potential ferulic acid esterase genes. Using in vitro fermentation, we analyzed the air pressure, pH-value, and short-chain fatty acid levels. We also performed 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing. A Venn diagram analysis revealed that 80% of the core operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were shared among the samples, and most of the xylooligosaccharide treatment core OTUs (319/333 OTUs) were shared with the other two treatments’ core OTUs. A significant difference analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Dorea, Bilophila, and Sulfurovum in wheat bran treatment was higher than that in xylan and xylooligosaccharide treatments. The clusters of orthologous groups of proteins functional composition of all samples was similar to the microbiota composition of the control. Using metagenomic sequencing, we revealed seven genes containing the conserved residues, Gly-X-Ser-X-Gly, and the catalytic triad, Ser-His-Asp, which are thus potential ferulic acid esterase genes. All the results indicate that xylan and/or xylooligosaccharide, the main dietary fibers in wheat bran, plays a major role in in vitro fermentation by the human gut microbiota. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7794011/ /pubmed/33424778 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.568457 Text en Copyright © 2020 Chen, Liu, Imam, Sun, Wang, Gu, Wen and Xin. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Chen, Miao
Liu, Shujun
Imam, Khandaker Md. Sharif Uddin
Sun, Lichao
Wang, Yulu
Gu, Tianyi
Wen, Boting
Xin, Fengjiao
The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria
title The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria
title_full The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria
title_fullStr The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria
title_short The Effect of Xylooligosaccharide, Xylan, and Whole Wheat Bran on the Human Gut Bacteria
title_sort effect of xylooligosaccharide, xylan, and whole wheat bran on the human gut bacteria
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7794011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33424778
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.568457
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