Endovascular repair of de novo post-stenotic aortic coarctation aneurysms with complex collateral supply: two cases with long and medium term follow-up

PURPOSE: To report the technical details and outcomes of the endovascular repair of two cases of de novo post-stenotic aortic coarctation aneurysms complicated by complex collateral supply. CASE PRESENTATIONS: Two patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms complicated by complex aneurysm sac collaterals distal to a previously untreated thoracic aortic coarctation have been treated at our institution. Open surgical intervention was deemed to carry a high risk of haemorrhage due to the degree and complexity of arterial collateralisation. In the first case, selective embolisation of collateral vasculature was performed prior to successful exclusion of the aneurysm with a thoracic endovascular stent-graft and then balloon-expandable stent dilatation of the coarctation stenosis. In the second case, the additional technique of using a jailed sheath within the aneurysm sac allowed for selective embolisation of previously inconspicuous collaterals after deployment of the stent-graft and stent combination. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in both patients with successful occlusion of the aneurysm, with no recorded complications or aneurysm sac perfusion in the long and medium term follow up periods respectively. CONCLUSION: De novo post stenotic aortic coarctation aneurysms are rare. Endovascular repair is a safe and durable technique that provides a less invasive alternative to open surgical repair. The use of a jailed sheath allows for complete selective embolisation of complex collaterals avoiding a type II aneurysm endoleak.