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Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo
Vaccines and various anti‐influenza drugs are clinically used to prevent and treat influenza infections. However, with the antigenic mismatch of vaccines and the emergence of drug‐resistant viral strains, new approaches for treating influenza are warranted. This study focused on natural foods as pot...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7802580/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33473315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2023 |
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author | Morimoto, Ryosuke Yoshioka, Kae Nakayama, Miyu Nagai, Emiko Okuno, Yoshinobu Nakashima, Ayaka Ogawa, Taro Suzuki, Kengo Enomoto, Toshiki Isegawa, Yuji |
author_facet | Morimoto, Ryosuke Yoshioka, Kae Nakayama, Miyu Nagai, Emiko Okuno, Yoshinobu Nakashima, Ayaka Ogawa, Taro Suzuki, Kengo Enomoto, Toshiki Isegawa, Yuji |
author_sort | Morimoto, Ryosuke |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vaccines and various anti‐influenza drugs are clinically used to prevent and treat influenza infections. However, with the antigenic mismatch of vaccines and the emergence of drug‐resistant viral strains, new approaches for treating influenza are warranted. This study focused on natural foods as potential candidates for the development of new treatment options for influenza infections. The screening of plants from the Cucurbitaceae family revealed that the juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) had the strongest ability to inhibit the replication of influenza virus in Madin–Darby canine kidney cells. The results of a time‐of‐addition assay indicated that wild watermelon juice (WWMJ) inhibits the adsorption and late stages of viral replication, suggesting that WWMJ contains multiple constituents with effective anti‐influenza activity. A viral adsorption analysis showed that WWMJ reduces the amount of viral RNA in the cells at 37°C but not at 4°C, confirming that WWMJ inhibits viral entry into the host cells at 37°C. These results suggest that a mechanism other than the inhibition of viral attachment is involved in the anti‐influenza action of WWMJ, which is perhaps responsible for a reduction in internalization of the virus. Administration of WWMJ into the nasal mucosa of BALB/c mice infected with the A/PR/8/34 mouse‐adapted influenza virus was seen to significantly improve the survival rate. The findings of this study, therefore, demonstrate the anti‐influenza potential of WWMJ in vitro and in vivo, thereby suggesting the candidature of WWMJ as a functional food product that can be used to develop anti‐influenza agents and drugs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7802580 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78025802021-01-19 Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo Morimoto, Ryosuke Yoshioka, Kae Nakayama, Miyu Nagai, Emiko Okuno, Yoshinobu Nakashima, Ayaka Ogawa, Taro Suzuki, Kengo Enomoto, Toshiki Isegawa, Yuji Food Sci Nutr Original Research Vaccines and various anti‐influenza drugs are clinically used to prevent and treat influenza infections. However, with the antigenic mismatch of vaccines and the emergence of drug‐resistant viral strains, new approaches for treating influenza are warranted. This study focused on natural foods as potential candidates for the development of new treatment options for influenza infections. The screening of plants from the Cucurbitaceae family revealed that the juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) had the strongest ability to inhibit the replication of influenza virus in Madin–Darby canine kidney cells. The results of a time‐of‐addition assay indicated that wild watermelon juice (WWMJ) inhibits the adsorption and late stages of viral replication, suggesting that WWMJ contains multiple constituents with effective anti‐influenza activity. A viral adsorption analysis showed that WWMJ reduces the amount of viral RNA in the cells at 37°C but not at 4°C, confirming that WWMJ inhibits viral entry into the host cells at 37°C. These results suggest that a mechanism other than the inhibition of viral attachment is involved in the anti‐influenza action of WWMJ, which is perhaps responsible for a reduction in internalization of the virus. Administration of WWMJ into the nasal mucosa of BALB/c mice infected with the A/PR/8/34 mouse‐adapted influenza virus was seen to significantly improve the survival rate. The findings of this study, therefore, demonstrate the anti‐influenza potential of WWMJ in vitro and in vivo, thereby suggesting the candidature of WWMJ as a functional food product that can be used to develop anti‐influenza agents and drugs. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7802580/ /pubmed/33473315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2023 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Morimoto, Ryosuke Yoshioka, Kae Nakayama, Miyu Nagai, Emiko Okuno, Yoshinobu Nakashima, Ayaka Ogawa, Taro Suzuki, Kengo Enomoto, Toshiki Isegawa, Yuji Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo |
title | Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo |
title_full | Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo |
title_fullStr | Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo |
title_full_unstemmed | Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo |
title_short | Juice of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo |
title_sort | juice of citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon) inhibits the entry and propagation of influenza viruses in vitro and in vivo |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7802580/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33473315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2023 |
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