In-hospital morality associated with acute myocardial infarction was inversely related with the number of coronary risk factors in patients from a Japanese nation-wide real-world database

BACKGROUND: Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking are established coronary risk factors for coronary heart disease in the general population. However, in Japanese patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the impact of the number of coronary risk factors on in-hospital morality remains unclear. METHODS: The Japan Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (JAMIR) is a nationwide real-world database. We examined the association between the number of coronary risk factors and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: Data were obtained from total of 20462 AMI patients (mean age, 68.8 ± 13.3 years old; 15281 men, 5181 women). The prevalence of hypertension increased with advancing age, while the prevalence of smoking decreased with advancing age. The prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia were highest in middle age. A majority (76.9%) of the patients with AMI had at least 1 of these coronary risk factors. Overall, the number of coronary risk factor was relatively less in older subjects and women under 50 years old. Crude in-hospital mortality rates were 10.7%, 10.5%, 7.2%, 5.0% and 4.5% with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 risk factors, respectively. After adjusting for age and sex, there was an inverse association between the number of coronary risk factors and the in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–2.35] among individuals with 0 vs. 4 risk factors). CONCLUSION: In the present study of Japanese patients with AMI, who received modern medical treatment, in-hospital mortality was inversely related to the number of coronary risk factors. To investigate the underlying reasons for these findings, further studies are needed.