Up-regulation of circRNA-0003528 promotes mycobacterium tuberculosis associated macrophage polarization via down-regulating miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p and up-regulating CTLA4

Background: In this study, we selected several candidate miRNAs to study their possible relationships with tuberculosis. Results: The expression of hsa_circ_0003528 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p, miR-488-5p, miR-587, and miR-668, while the expression of hsa_circ_0003528 was positively correlated with the expression of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p. No evident difference was observed between tuberculosis and healthy control groups in terms of the expression of miR-587 and miR-668. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p were all ceRNAs of circRNA-0003528 by sponging each other and CTLA4 was found to be a shared target gene of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p. Furthermore, we found that up-regulation of circRNA-0003528 promoted tuberculosis associated macrophage polarization by promoting expression CTLA4, which was mediated by the down-regulation of miR-224-5p, miR-324-5p and miR-488-5p. Methods: RT-qPCR and Western blot were conducted to observe the expression of hsa_circ_0003528, miRNAs and CTLA4 in different patient and cell groups to establish the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of hsa_circ_0003528 on M1 to M2 macrophage polarization.