Cell therapy: A potential solution for the healing of bone cavities

AIM: To Explore whether the use of autologous BMMNCs as a cell therapy technique will improve the healing of bone cavities in vivo. METHODOLOGY: After achieving proper anesthesia, mononuclear cells were isolated from iliac crest's bone marrow aspirates (BMMNCs). Then access cavity, root canal preparation, and filling were done in third and fourth premolars, followed by amalgam coronal restoration. After that, a flap was reflected and a standardized bone cavity was drilled, the related root-ends were resected and retrocavity was drilled and filled with MTA. Before repositioning the flap, the bone cavity was filled with the desired filling material according to its corresponding group (n = 8): CollaCote group; where collagen scaffold was used, MNC group; in which CollaCote® loaded with isolated BMMNCs were applied, Biogen group; in which BIO-GEN® graft material was applied and finally Control group; where the bone cavities were left empty to heal spontaneously. Evaluations of healing of the bone cavities were done radiographically and histologically. RESULTS: The MNC group induced the best healing potential with statistical significant difference from other groups. CONCLUSION: cell therapy utilizing autologous BMMNCs looks to beat the conventional therapies and convey a significant improvement in the healing of the bone cavity in vivo.