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Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample
The inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a crucial role in cortical development. Therefore, characterizing changes in GABA levels during development has important implications for the study of healthy development and developmental disorders. Brain GABA levels can be measured...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7804253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33436899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80530-8 |
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author | Bell, Tiffany Stokoe, Mehak Harris, Ashley D. |
author_facet | Bell, Tiffany Stokoe, Mehak Harris, Ashley D. |
author_sort | Bell, Tiffany |
collection | PubMed |
description | The inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a crucial role in cortical development. Therefore, characterizing changes in GABA levels during development has important implications for the study of healthy development and developmental disorders. Brain GABA levels can be measured non-invasively using GABA-edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). However, the most commonly used editing technique to measure GABA results in contamination of the GABA signal with macromolecules (MM). Therefore, GABA measured using this technique is often referred to as GABA+ . While few in number, previous studies have shown GABA+ levels increase with age during development. However, these studies are unable to specify whether it is specifically GABA that is increasing or, instead, if levels of MM increase. In this study, we use a GABA-editing technique specifically designed to suppress the MM signal (MM-supp GABA). We find no relationship between MM-supp GABA and age in healthy children aged 7–14 years. These findings suggest that the relationship between GABA+ and age is driven by changes in MM levels, not by changes in GABA levels. Moreover, these findings highlight the importance of accounting for MM levels in MRS quantification. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7804253 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78042532021-01-13 Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample Bell, Tiffany Stokoe, Mehak Harris, Ashley D. Sci Rep Article The inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a crucial role in cortical development. Therefore, characterizing changes in GABA levels during development has important implications for the study of healthy development and developmental disorders. Brain GABA levels can be measured non-invasively using GABA-edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). However, the most commonly used editing technique to measure GABA results in contamination of the GABA signal with macromolecules (MM). Therefore, GABA measured using this technique is often referred to as GABA+ . While few in number, previous studies have shown GABA+ levels increase with age during development. However, these studies are unable to specify whether it is specifically GABA that is increasing or, instead, if levels of MM increase. In this study, we use a GABA-editing technique specifically designed to suppress the MM signal (MM-supp GABA). We find no relationship between MM-supp GABA and age in healthy children aged 7–14 years. These findings suggest that the relationship between GABA+ and age is driven by changes in MM levels, not by changes in GABA levels. Moreover, these findings highlight the importance of accounting for MM levels in MRS quantification. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7804253/ /pubmed/33436899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80530-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Bell, Tiffany Stokoe, Mehak Harris, Ashley D. Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample |
title | Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample |
title_full | Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample |
title_fullStr | Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample |
title_full_unstemmed | Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample |
title_short | Macromolecule suppressed GABA levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample |
title_sort | macromolecule suppressed gaba levels show no relationship with age in a pediatric sample |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7804253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33436899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80530-8 |
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