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Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is empirically implemented in horses with colitis to facilitate resolution of diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to assess FMT as a clinical treatment and modulator of fecal microbiota in hospitalized horses with colitis. METHODS: A tot...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7808643/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33444319 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244381 |
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author | McKinney, Caroline A. Bedenice, Daniela Pacheco, Ana P. Oliveira, Bruno C. M. Paradis, Mary-Rose Mazan, Melissa Widmer, Giovanni |
author_facet | McKinney, Caroline A. Bedenice, Daniela Pacheco, Ana P. Oliveira, Bruno C. M. Paradis, Mary-Rose Mazan, Melissa Widmer, Giovanni |
author_sort | McKinney, Caroline A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is empirically implemented in horses with colitis to facilitate resolution of diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to assess FMT as a clinical treatment and modulator of fecal microbiota in hospitalized horses with colitis. METHODS: A total of 22 horses with moderate to severe diarrhea, consistent with a diagnosis of colitis, were enrolled at two referral hospitals (L1: n = 12; L2: n = 10). FMT was performed in all 12 patients on 3 consecutive days at L1, while treatment at L2 consisted of standard care without FMT. Manure was collected once daily for 4 days from the rectum in all colitis horses, prior to FMT for horses at L1, and from each manure sample used for FMT. Fecal samples from 10 clinically healthy control horses housed at L2, and 30 healthy horses located at 5 barns in regional proximity to L1 were also obtained to characterize the regional healthy equine microbiome. All fecal microbiota were analyzed using 16S amplicon sequencing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: As expected, healthy horses at both locations showed a greater α-diversity and lower β-diversity compared to horses with colitis. The fecal microbiome of healthy horses clustered by location, with L1 horses showing a higher prevalence of Kiritimatiellaeota. Improved manure consistency (lower diarrhea score) was associated with a greater α-diversity in horses with colitis at both locations (L1: r = -0.385, P = 0.006; L2: r = -0.479, P = 0.002). Fecal transplant recipients demonstrated a greater overall reduction in diarrhea score (median: 4±3 grades), compared to untreated horses (median: 1.5±3 grades, P = 0.021), with a higher incidence in day-over-day improvement in diarrhea (22/36 (61%) vs. 10/28 (36%) instances, P = 0.011). When comparing microbiota of diseased horses at study conclusion to that of healthy controls, FMT-treated horses showed a lower mean UniFrac distance (0.53±0.27) than untreated horses (0.62±0.26, P<0.001), indicating greater normalization of the microbiome in FMT-treated patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7808643 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78086432021-02-02 Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea McKinney, Caroline A. Bedenice, Daniela Pacheco, Ana P. Oliveira, Bruno C. M. Paradis, Mary-Rose Mazan, Melissa Widmer, Giovanni PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is empirically implemented in horses with colitis to facilitate resolution of diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to assess FMT as a clinical treatment and modulator of fecal microbiota in hospitalized horses with colitis. METHODS: A total of 22 horses with moderate to severe diarrhea, consistent with a diagnosis of colitis, were enrolled at two referral hospitals (L1: n = 12; L2: n = 10). FMT was performed in all 12 patients on 3 consecutive days at L1, while treatment at L2 consisted of standard care without FMT. Manure was collected once daily for 4 days from the rectum in all colitis horses, prior to FMT for horses at L1, and from each manure sample used for FMT. Fecal samples from 10 clinically healthy control horses housed at L2, and 30 healthy horses located at 5 barns in regional proximity to L1 were also obtained to characterize the regional healthy equine microbiome. All fecal microbiota were analyzed using 16S amplicon sequencing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: As expected, healthy horses at both locations showed a greater α-diversity and lower β-diversity compared to horses with colitis. The fecal microbiome of healthy horses clustered by location, with L1 horses showing a higher prevalence of Kiritimatiellaeota. Improved manure consistency (lower diarrhea score) was associated with a greater α-diversity in horses with colitis at both locations (L1: r = -0.385, P = 0.006; L2: r = -0.479, P = 0.002). Fecal transplant recipients demonstrated a greater overall reduction in diarrhea score (median: 4±3 grades), compared to untreated horses (median: 1.5±3 grades, P = 0.021), with a higher incidence in day-over-day improvement in diarrhea (22/36 (61%) vs. 10/28 (36%) instances, P = 0.011). When comparing microbiota of diseased horses at study conclusion to that of healthy controls, FMT-treated horses showed a lower mean UniFrac distance (0.53±0.27) than untreated horses (0.62±0.26, P<0.001), indicating greater normalization of the microbiome in FMT-treated patients. Public Library of Science 2021-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7808643/ /pubmed/33444319 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244381 Text en © 2021 McKinney et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article McKinney, Caroline A. Bedenice, Daniela Pacheco, Ana P. Oliveira, Bruno C. M. Paradis, Mary-Rose Mazan, Melissa Widmer, Giovanni Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea |
title | Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea |
title_full | Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea |
title_fullStr | Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea |
title_short | Assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea |
title_sort | assessment of clinical and microbiota responses to fecal microbial transplantation in adult horses with diarrhea |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7808643/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33444319 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244381 |
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