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Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study

Cats, similar to humans, are known to be affected by hippocampal sclerosis (HS), potentially causing antiepileptic drug (AED) resistance. HS can occur as a consequence of chronic seizure activity, trauma, inflammation, or even as a primary disease. In humans, temporal lobe resection is the standardi...

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Autores principales: Zilli, Jessica, Kressin, Monika, Schänzer, Anne, Kampschulte, Marian, Schmidt, Martin J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7810294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33449929
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244892
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author Zilli, Jessica
Kressin, Monika
Schänzer, Anne
Kampschulte, Marian
Schmidt, Martin J.
author_facet Zilli, Jessica
Kressin, Monika
Schänzer, Anne
Kampschulte, Marian
Schmidt, Martin J.
author_sort Zilli, Jessica
collection PubMed
description Cats, similar to humans, are known to be affected by hippocampal sclerosis (HS), potentially causing antiepileptic drug (AED) resistance. HS can occur as a consequence of chronic seizure activity, trauma, inflammation, or even as a primary disease. In humans, temporal lobe resection is the standardized therapy in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The majority of TLE patients are seizure free after surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this prospective cadaveric study is to establish a surgical technique for hippocampal resection in cats as a treatment for AED resistant seizures. Ten cats of different head morphology were examined. Pre-surgical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) studies of the animals’ head were carried out to complete 3D reconstruction of the head, brain, and hippocampus. The resected hippocampal specimens and the brains were histologically examined for tissue injury adjacent to the hippocampus. The feasibility of the procedure, as well as the usability of the removed specimen for histopathological examination, was assessed. Moreover, a micro-CT (mCT) examination of the brain of two additional cats was performed in order to assess temporal vasculature as a reason for possible intraoperative complications. In all cats but one, the resection of the temporal cortex and the hippocampus were successful without any evidence of traumatic or vascular lesions in the surrounding neurovascular structures. In one cat, the presence of mechanical damage (a fissure) of the thalamic surface was evident in the histopathologic examination of the brain post-resection. All hippocampal fields and the dentate gyrus were identified in the majority of the cats via histological examination. The study describes a new surgical approach (partial temporal cortico-hippocampectomy) offering a potential treatment for cats with clinical and diagnostic evidence of temporal epilepsy which do not respond adequately to the medical therapy.
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spelling pubmed-78102942021-01-27 Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study Zilli, Jessica Kressin, Monika Schänzer, Anne Kampschulte, Marian Schmidt, Martin J. PLoS One Research Article Cats, similar to humans, are known to be affected by hippocampal sclerosis (HS), potentially causing antiepileptic drug (AED) resistance. HS can occur as a consequence of chronic seizure activity, trauma, inflammation, or even as a primary disease. In humans, temporal lobe resection is the standardized therapy in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The majority of TLE patients are seizure free after surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this prospective cadaveric study is to establish a surgical technique for hippocampal resection in cats as a treatment for AED resistant seizures. Ten cats of different head morphology were examined. Pre-surgical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) studies of the animals’ head were carried out to complete 3D reconstruction of the head, brain, and hippocampus. The resected hippocampal specimens and the brains were histologically examined for tissue injury adjacent to the hippocampus. The feasibility of the procedure, as well as the usability of the removed specimen for histopathological examination, was assessed. Moreover, a micro-CT (mCT) examination of the brain of two additional cats was performed in order to assess temporal vasculature as a reason for possible intraoperative complications. In all cats but one, the resection of the temporal cortex and the hippocampus were successful without any evidence of traumatic or vascular lesions in the surrounding neurovascular structures. In one cat, the presence of mechanical damage (a fissure) of the thalamic surface was evident in the histopathologic examination of the brain post-resection. All hippocampal fields and the dentate gyrus were identified in the majority of the cats via histological examination. The study describes a new surgical approach (partial temporal cortico-hippocampectomy) offering a potential treatment for cats with clinical and diagnostic evidence of temporal epilepsy which do not respond adequately to the medical therapy. Public Library of Science 2021-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7810294/ /pubmed/33449929 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244892 Text en © 2021 Zilli et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Zilli, Jessica
Kressin, Monika
Schänzer, Anne
Kampschulte, Marian
Schmidt, Martin J.
Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study
title Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study
title_full Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study
title_fullStr Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study
title_full_unstemmed Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study
title_short Partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: A descriptive cadaveric study
title_sort partial cortico-hippocampectomy in cats, as therapy for refractory temporal epilepsy: a descriptive cadaveric study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7810294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33449929
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244892
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