Prevalence of the Factor V Leiden Mutation Arg534Gln in Western Region of Saudi Arabia: Functional Alteration and Association Study With Different Populations

The rare Gln534 (Factor V Leiden; FVL) allele (1:169,519,049 T>C) is associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. The purpose of this study was to measure the prevalence of Factor V Leiden mutation in thrombophilia patients with deep vein thrombosis. Also, we investigated the functional and structural characteristics of this mutation p.(Arg534Gln) to be examined the cumulative impact on venous thrombosis risk as well correlated with different populations by Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS). A total of 108 patients with idiopathic deep vein thrombosis were examined for Factor V Leiden gene mutation. Our preliminary data show that about 10% of patients were detected with the heterozygous and homozygous form of the Factor V Leiden mutation. An association analysis confirmed that the Factor V SNP variant (rs6025) was highly associated (P-value 4.91 x10-^ -39) with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. Also, we found that the recognized SNP was important among HapMap populations. Our results indicated that among the 3 populations (Asian, African, and American) studied, this association was highest in the African population based on the r(2) significant threshold (P-value 5e-190). In addition, this mutation was located at the domain F5/8 type A 2, which can disturb this domain and abolish its function. Because of aspartic acid nearby wild type position as form in the salt bridge due to this discharge will disturb the ionic interaction made by the wild type residue Arg534. This residue was not found to be in contact with other domains of which the function was known. However, contact with other molecules or domains (THPH2: MIM: 188055) were still possible and might be affected by this mutation that may cause thrombophilia due to activated protein C resistance.