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The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model
Spreading depolarization (SD) and seizures are pathophysiological events associated with cerebral ischemia. Here, we investigated their role for injury progression in the cerebral cortex. Cerebral ischemia was induced in anesthetized male Wistar rats using the photothrombosis (PT) stroke model. SD a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7812510/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32241203 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678X20915801 |
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author | Schoknecht, Karl Kikhia, Majed Lemale, Coline L Liotta, Agustin Lublinsky, Svetlana Mueller, Susanne Boehm-Sturm, Philipp Friedman, Alon Dreier, Jens P |
author_facet | Schoknecht, Karl Kikhia, Majed Lemale, Coline L Liotta, Agustin Lublinsky, Svetlana Mueller, Susanne Boehm-Sturm, Philipp Friedman, Alon Dreier, Jens P |
author_sort | Schoknecht, Karl |
collection | PubMed |
description | Spreading depolarization (SD) and seizures are pathophysiological events associated with cerebral ischemia. Here, we investigated their role for injury progression in the cerebral cortex. Cerebral ischemia was induced in anesthetized male Wistar rats using the photothrombosis (PT) stroke model. SD and spontaneous neuronal activity were recorded in the presence of either urethane or ketamine/xylazine anesthesia. Blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, cerebral perfusion, and cellular damage were assessed through a cranial window and repeated intravenous injection of fluorescein sodium salt and propidium iodide until 4 h after PT. Neuronal injury and early lesion volume were quantified by stereological cell counting and manual and automated assessment of ex vivo T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Onset SDs originated at the thrombotic core and invaded neighboring cortex, whereas delayed SDs often showed opposite propagation patterns. Seizure induction by 4-aminopyridine caused no increase in lesion volume or neuronal injury in urethane-anesthetized animals. Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia was associated with a lower number of onset SDs, reduced lesion volume, and neuronal injury despite a longer duration of seizures. BBB permeability increase inversely correlated with the number of SDs at 3 and 4 h after PT. Our results provide further evidence that ketamine may counteract the early progression of ischemic injury. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7812510 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78125102021-01-26 The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model Schoknecht, Karl Kikhia, Majed Lemale, Coline L Liotta, Agustin Lublinsky, Svetlana Mueller, Susanne Boehm-Sturm, Philipp Friedman, Alon Dreier, Jens P J Cereb Blood Flow Metab Original Articles Spreading depolarization (SD) and seizures are pathophysiological events associated with cerebral ischemia. Here, we investigated their role for injury progression in the cerebral cortex. Cerebral ischemia was induced in anesthetized male Wistar rats using the photothrombosis (PT) stroke model. SD and spontaneous neuronal activity were recorded in the presence of either urethane or ketamine/xylazine anesthesia. Blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, cerebral perfusion, and cellular damage were assessed through a cranial window and repeated intravenous injection of fluorescein sodium salt and propidium iodide until 4 h after PT. Neuronal injury and early lesion volume were quantified by stereological cell counting and manual and automated assessment of ex vivo T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Onset SDs originated at the thrombotic core and invaded neighboring cortex, whereas delayed SDs often showed opposite propagation patterns. Seizure induction by 4-aminopyridine caused no increase in lesion volume or neuronal injury in urethane-anesthetized animals. Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia was associated with a lower number of onset SDs, reduced lesion volume, and neuronal injury despite a longer duration of seizures. BBB permeability increase inversely correlated with the number of SDs at 3 and 4 h after PT. Our results provide further evidence that ketamine may counteract the early progression of ischemic injury. SAGE Publications 2020-04-02 2021-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7812510/ /pubmed/32241203 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678X20915801 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Schoknecht, Karl Kikhia, Majed Lemale, Coline L Liotta, Agustin Lublinsky, Svetlana Mueller, Susanne Boehm-Sturm, Philipp Friedman, Alon Dreier, Jens P The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model |
title | The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in
early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model |
title_full | The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in
early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model |
title_fullStr | The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in
early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in
early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model |
title_short | The role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in
early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model |
title_sort | role of spreading depolarizations and electrographic seizures in
early injury progression of the rat photothrombosis stroke model |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7812510/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32241203 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678X20915801 |
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