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Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study

The operant conditioning has been less studied than the classical conditioning as a mechanism of placebo-like effect, and two distinct learning mechanisms have never been compared to each other in terms of their neural activities. Twenty-one participants completed cue-learning based pain rating task...

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Autores principales: Lee, In-Seon, Jung, Won-Mo, Lee, Ye-Seul, Wallraven, Christian, Chae, Younbyoung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7813884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33462278
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81134-6
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author Lee, In-Seon
Jung, Won-Mo
Lee, Ye-Seul
Wallraven, Christian
Chae, Younbyoung
author_facet Lee, In-Seon
Jung, Won-Mo
Lee, Ye-Seul
Wallraven, Christian
Chae, Younbyoung
author_sort Lee, In-Seon
collection PubMed
description The operant conditioning has been less studied than the classical conditioning as a mechanism of placebo-like effect, and two distinct learning mechanisms have never been compared to each other in terms of their neural activities. Twenty-one participants completed cue-learning based pain rating tasks while their brain responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. After choosing (instrumental) or viewing (classical) one of three predictive cues (low- and high-pain cues with different level of certainty), they received painful stimuli according to the selected cues. Participants completed the same task during the test session, except that they received only a high pain stimulus regardless of the selected cues to identify the effects of two learning paradigms. While receiving a high pain stimulation, low-pain cue significantly reduced pain ratings compared to high-pain cue, and the overall ratings were significantly lower under operant than under classical conditioning. Operant behavior activated the temporoparietal junction significantly more than the passive behavior did, and neural activity in the primary somatosensory cortex was significantly reduced during pain in instrumental as compared with classical conditioning trials. The results suggest that pain modulation can be induced by classical and operant conditioning, and mechanisms of attention and context change are involved in instrumental learning.
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spelling pubmed-78138842021-01-21 Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study Lee, In-Seon Jung, Won-Mo Lee, Ye-Seul Wallraven, Christian Chae, Younbyoung Sci Rep Article The operant conditioning has been less studied than the classical conditioning as a mechanism of placebo-like effect, and two distinct learning mechanisms have never been compared to each other in terms of their neural activities. Twenty-one participants completed cue-learning based pain rating tasks while their brain responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. After choosing (instrumental) or viewing (classical) one of three predictive cues (low- and high-pain cues with different level of certainty), they received painful stimuli according to the selected cues. Participants completed the same task during the test session, except that they received only a high pain stimulus regardless of the selected cues to identify the effects of two learning paradigms. While receiving a high pain stimulation, low-pain cue significantly reduced pain ratings compared to high-pain cue, and the overall ratings were significantly lower under operant than under classical conditioning. Operant behavior activated the temporoparietal junction significantly more than the passive behavior did, and neural activity in the primary somatosensory cortex was significantly reduced during pain in instrumental as compared with classical conditioning trials. The results suggest that pain modulation can be induced by classical and operant conditioning, and mechanisms of attention and context change are involved in instrumental learning. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7813884/ /pubmed/33462278 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81134-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Lee, In-Seon
Jung, Won-Mo
Lee, Ye-Seul
Wallraven, Christian
Chae, Younbyoung
Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_full Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_fullStr Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_full_unstemmed Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_short Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_sort operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fmri study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7813884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33462278
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81134-6
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