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Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease

The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has generated a wide variety of blood microbiome data. Due to the large variation in bacterial DNA profiles between studies and the likely high concentrations of cell-free bacterial DNA in the blood, it is still not clear how such microbiome dat...

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Autores principales: Emery, David C., Cerajewska, Tanya L., Seong, Joon, Davies, Maria, Paterson, Alex, Allen-Birt, Shelley J., West, Nicola X.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7813997/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33469518
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.577485
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author Emery, David C.
Cerajewska, Tanya L.
Seong, Joon
Davies, Maria
Paterson, Alex
Allen-Birt, Shelley J.
West, Nicola X.
author_facet Emery, David C.
Cerajewska, Tanya L.
Seong, Joon
Davies, Maria
Paterson, Alex
Allen-Birt, Shelley J.
West, Nicola X.
author_sort Emery, David C.
collection PubMed
description The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has generated a wide variety of blood microbiome data. Due to the large variation in bacterial DNA profiles between studies and the likely high concentrations of cell-free bacterial DNA in the blood, it is still not clear how such microbiome data relates to viable microbiota. For these reasons much remains to be understood about the true nature of any possible healthy blood microbiota and of bacteraemic events associated with disease. The gut, reproductive tracts, skin, and oral cavity are all likely sources of blood-borne bacteria. Oral bacteria, especially those associated with periodontal diseases, are also commonly associated with cardiovascular diseases such as infective endocarditis, and also have been linked to rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s disease. Periodontal treatment, dental probing, and toothbrushing have been shown to cause transient bacteraemia and oral bacteria from the phyla Firmicutes (e.g. Streptococci) and Bacteroidetes (e.g. Porphyromonas) are found in cardiovascular lesions (CVD). Many studies of blood bacterial DNA content however, find Proteobacteria DNA to be the dominant microbiome component, suggesting a gut origin. Most studies of this type use total DNA extracted from either whole blood or blood fractions, such as buffy coat. Here, using a method that purifies DNA from intact bacterial cells only, we examined blood donated by those with active, severe periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls and show that 43–52% of bacterial species in blood are classified as oral. Firmicutes, consisting largely of members of the Streptococcus mitis group and Staphylococcus epidermidis, were predominant at 63.5% of all bacterial sequences detected in periodontal health and, little changed at 66.7% in periodontitis. Compared to studies using total DNA Proteobacteria were found here at relatively low levels in blood at 13.3% in periodontitis and 17.6% in health. This study reveals significant phylogenetic differences in blood bacterial population profiles when comparing periodontal health to periodontal disease cohorts.
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spelling pubmed-78139972021-01-18 Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease Emery, David C. Cerajewska, Tanya L. Seong, Joon Davies, Maria Paterson, Alex Allen-Birt, Shelley J. West, Nicola X. Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has generated a wide variety of blood microbiome data. Due to the large variation in bacterial DNA profiles between studies and the likely high concentrations of cell-free bacterial DNA in the blood, it is still not clear how such microbiome data relates to viable microbiota. For these reasons much remains to be understood about the true nature of any possible healthy blood microbiota and of bacteraemic events associated with disease. The gut, reproductive tracts, skin, and oral cavity are all likely sources of blood-borne bacteria. Oral bacteria, especially those associated with periodontal diseases, are also commonly associated with cardiovascular diseases such as infective endocarditis, and also have been linked to rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s disease. Periodontal treatment, dental probing, and toothbrushing have been shown to cause transient bacteraemia and oral bacteria from the phyla Firmicutes (e.g. Streptococci) and Bacteroidetes (e.g. Porphyromonas) are found in cardiovascular lesions (CVD). Many studies of blood bacterial DNA content however, find Proteobacteria DNA to be the dominant microbiome component, suggesting a gut origin. Most studies of this type use total DNA extracted from either whole blood or blood fractions, such as buffy coat. Here, using a method that purifies DNA from intact bacterial cells only, we examined blood donated by those with active, severe periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls and show that 43–52% of bacterial species in blood are classified as oral. Firmicutes, consisting largely of members of the Streptococcus mitis group and Staphylococcus epidermidis, were predominant at 63.5% of all bacterial sequences detected in periodontal health and, little changed at 66.7% in periodontitis. Compared to studies using total DNA Proteobacteria were found here at relatively low levels in blood at 13.3% in periodontitis and 17.6% in health. This study reveals significant phylogenetic differences in blood bacterial population profiles when comparing periodontal health to periodontal disease cohorts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7813997/ /pubmed/33469518 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.577485 Text en Copyright © 2021 Emery, Cerajewska, Seong, Davies, Paterson, Allen-Birt and West http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Emery, David C.
Cerajewska, Tanya L.
Seong, Joon
Davies, Maria
Paterson, Alex
Allen-Birt, Shelley J.
West, Nicola X.
Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease
title Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease
title_full Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease
title_fullStr Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease
title_short Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease
title_sort comparison of blood bacterial communities in periodontal health and periodontal disease
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7813997/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33469518
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.577485
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