Cargando…
Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease
The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has generated a wide variety of blood microbiome data. Due to the large variation in bacterial DNA profiles between studies and the likely high concentrations of cell-free bacterial DNA in the blood, it is still not clear how such microbiome dat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7813997/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33469518 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.577485 |
_version_ | 1783637965507919872 |
---|---|
author | Emery, David C. Cerajewska, Tanya L. Seong, Joon Davies, Maria Paterson, Alex Allen-Birt, Shelley J. West, Nicola X. |
author_facet | Emery, David C. Cerajewska, Tanya L. Seong, Joon Davies, Maria Paterson, Alex Allen-Birt, Shelley J. West, Nicola X. |
author_sort | Emery, David C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has generated a wide variety of blood microbiome data. Due to the large variation in bacterial DNA profiles between studies and the likely high concentrations of cell-free bacterial DNA in the blood, it is still not clear how such microbiome data relates to viable microbiota. For these reasons much remains to be understood about the true nature of any possible healthy blood microbiota and of bacteraemic events associated with disease. The gut, reproductive tracts, skin, and oral cavity are all likely sources of blood-borne bacteria. Oral bacteria, especially those associated with periodontal diseases, are also commonly associated with cardiovascular diseases such as infective endocarditis, and also have been linked to rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s disease. Periodontal treatment, dental probing, and toothbrushing have been shown to cause transient bacteraemia and oral bacteria from the phyla Firmicutes (e.g. Streptococci) and Bacteroidetes (e.g. Porphyromonas) are found in cardiovascular lesions (CVD). Many studies of blood bacterial DNA content however, find Proteobacteria DNA to be the dominant microbiome component, suggesting a gut origin. Most studies of this type use total DNA extracted from either whole blood or blood fractions, such as buffy coat. Here, using a method that purifies DNA from intact bacterial cells only, we examined blood donated by those with active, severe periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls and show that 43–52% of bacterial species in blood are classified as oral. Firmicutes, consisting largely of members of the Streptococcus mitis group and Staphylococcus epidermidis, were predominant at 63.5% of all bacterial sequences detected in periodontal health and, little changed at 66.7% in periodontitis. Compared to studies using total DNA Proteobacteria were found here at relatively low levels in blood at 13.3% in periodontitis and 17.6% in health. This study reveals significant phylogenetic differences in blood bacterial population profiles when comparing periodontal health to periodontal disease cohorts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7813997 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78139972021-01-18 Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease Emery, David C. Cerajewska, Tanya L. Seong, Joon Davies, Maria Paterson, Alex Allen-Birt, Shelley J. West, Nicola X. Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has generated a wide variety of blood microbiome data. Due to the large variation in bacterial DNA profiles between studies and the likely high concentrations of cell-free bacterial DNA in the blood, it is still not clear how such microbiome data relates to viable microbiota. For these reasons much remains to be understood about the true nature of any possible healthy blood microbiota and of bacteraemic events associated with disease. The gut, reproductive tracts, skin, and oral cavity are all likely sources of blood-borne bacteria. Oral bacteria, especially those associated with periodontal diseases, are also commonly associated with cardiovascular diseases such as infective endocarditis, and also have been linked to rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s disease. Periodontal treatment, dental probing, and toothbrushing have been shown to cause transient bacteraemia and oral bacteria from the phyla Firmicutes (e.g. Streptococci) and Bacteroidetes (e.g. Porphyromonas) are found in cardiovascular lesions (CVD). Many studies of blood bacterial DNA content however, find Proteobacteria DNA to be the dominant microbiome component, suggesting a gut origin. Most studies of this type use total DNA extracted from either whole blood or blood fractions, such as buffy coat. Here, using a method that purifies DNA from intact bacterial cells only, we examined blood donated by those with active, severe periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls and show that 43–52% of bacterial species in blood are classified as oral. Firmicutes, consisting largely of members of the Streptococcus mitis group and Staphylococcus epidermidis, were predominant at 63.5% of all bacterial sequences detected in periodontal health and, little changed at 66.7% in periodontitis. Compared to studies using total DNA Proteobacteria were found here at relatively low levels in blood at 13.3% in periodontitis and 17.6% in health. This study reveals significant phylogenetic differences in blood bacterial population profiles when comparing periodontal health to periodontal disease cohorts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7813997/ /pubmed/33469518 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.577485 Text en Copyright © 2021 Emery, Cerajewska, Seong, Davies, Paterson, Allen-Birt and West http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Emery, David C. Cerajewska, Tanya L. Seong, Joon Davies, Maria Paterson, Alex Allen-Birt, Shelley J. West, Nicola X. Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease |
title | Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease |
title_full | Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease |
title_fullStr | Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease |
title_short | Comparison of Blood Bacterial Communities in Periodontal Health and Periodontal Disease |
title_sort | comparison of blood bacterial communities in periodontal health and periodontal disease |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7813997/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33469518 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.577485 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT emerydavidc comparisonofbloodbacterialcommunitiesinperiodontalhealthandperiodontaldisease AT cerajewskatanyal comparisonofbloodbacterialcommunitiesinperiodontalhealthandperiodontaldisease AT seongjoon comparisonofbloodbacterialcommunitiesinperiodontalhealthandperiodontaldisease AT daviesmaria comparisonofbloodbacterialcommunitiesinperiodontalhealthandperiodontaldisease AT patersonalex comparisonofbloodbacterialcommunitiesinperiodontalhealthandperiodontaldisease AT allenbirtshelleyj comparisonofbloodbacterialcommunitiesinperiodontalhealthandperiodontaldisease AT westnicolax comparisonofbloodbacterialcommunitiesinperiodontalhealthandperiodontaldisease |