Abdominopelvic Actinomycosis Mimicking a Malignant Ovarian Neoplasia: Case Report and Review of Literature

Abdominal actinomycosis is a chronic, granulomatous, and indolent disease produced by Actinomyces spp., a gram-positive filamentous bacillus, anaerobic, commensal in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and pelvic mucosa. Diagnosis is usually difficult and delayed due to its insidious presentation. It can simulate different neoplastic, inflammatory as well as infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, nocardiosis, or mycosis. In most cases, the diagnosis is made postoperatively with the histopathological report, and only 10% of them are diagnosed preoperatively. We present two cases of abdominopelvic actinomycosis simulating advanced ovarian neoplasia.