Cargando…

Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair

In hypergolics two substances ignite spontaneously upon contact without external aid. Although the concept mostly applies to rocket fuels and propellants, it is only recently that hypergolics has been recognized from our group as a radically new methodology towards carbon materials synthesis. Compar...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chalmpes, Nikolaos, Bourlinos, Athanasios B., Talande, Smita, Bakandritsos, Aristides, Moschovas, Dimitrios, Avgeropoulos, Apostolos, Karakassides, Michael A., Gournis, Dimitrios
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7821927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374901
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010001
_version_ 1783639526716997632
author Chalmpes, Nikolaos
Bourlinos, Athanasios B.
Talande, Smita
Bakandritsos, Aristides
Moschovas, Dimitrios
Avgeropoulos, Apostolos
Karakassides, Michael A.
Gournis, Dimitrios
author_facet Chalmpes, Nikolaos
Bourlinos, Athanasios B.
Talande, Smita
Bakandritsos, Aristides
Moschovas, Dimitrios
Avgeropoulos, Apostolos
Karakassides, Michael A.
Gournis, Dimitrios
author_sort Chalmpes, Nikolaos
collection PubMed
description In hypergolics two substances ignite spontaneously upon contact without external aid. Although the concept mostly applies to rocket fuels and propellants, it is only recently that hypergolics has been recognized from our group as a radically new methodology towards carbon materials synthesis. Comparatively to other preparative methods, hypergolics allows the rapid and spontaneous formation of carbon at ambient conditions in an exothermic manner (e.g., the method releases both carbon and energy at room temperature and atmospheric pressure). In an effort to further build upon the idea of hypergolic synthesis, herein we exploit a classic liquid rocket bipropellant composed of furfuryl alcohol and fuming nitric acid to prepare carbon nanosheets by simply mixing the two reagents at ambient conditions. Furfuryl alcohol served as the carbon source while fuming nitric acid as a strong oxidizer. On ignition the temperature is raised high enough to induce carbonization in a sort of in-situ pyrolytic process. Simultaneously, the released energy was directly converted into useful work, such as heating a liquid to boiling or placing Crookes radiometer into motion. Apart from its value as a new synthesis approach in materials science, carbon from rocket fuel additionally provides a practical way in processing rocket fuel waste or disposed rocket fuels.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7821927
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-78219272021-01-23 Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair Chalmpes, Nikolaos Bourlinos, Athanasios B. Talande, Smita Bakandritsos, Aristides Moschovas, Dimitrios Avgeropoulos, Apostolos Karakassides, Michael A. Gournis, Dimitrios Nanomaterials (Basel) Article In hypergolics two substances ignite spontaneously upon contact without external aid. Although the concept mostly applies to rocket fuels and propellants, it is only recently that hypergolics has been recognized from our group as a radically new methodology towards carbon materials synthesis. Comparatively to other preparative methods, hypergolics allows the rapid and spontaneous formation of carbon at ambient conditions in an exothermic manner (e.g., the method releases both carbon and energy at room temperature and atmospheric pressure). In an effort to further build upon the idea of hypergolic synthesis, herein we exploit a classic liquid rocket bipropellant composed of furfuryl alcohol and fuming nitric acid to prepare carbon nanosheets by simply mixing the two reagents at ambient conditions. Furfuryl alcohol served as the carbon source while fuming nitric acid as a strong oxidizer. On ignition the temperature is raised high enough to induce carbonization in a sort of in-situ pyrolytic process. Simultaneously, the released energy was directly converted into useful work, such as heating a liquid to boiling or placing Crookes radiometer into motion. Apart from its value as a new synthesis approach in materials science, carbon from rocket fuel additionally provides a practical way in processing rocket fuel waste or disposed rocket fuels. MDPI 2020-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7821927/ /pubmed/33374901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010001 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chalmpes, Nikolaos
Bourlinos, Athanasios B.
Talande, Smita
Bakandritsos, Aristides
Moschovas, Dimitrios
Avgeropoulos, Apostolos
Karakassides, Michael A.
Gournis, Dimitrios
Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair
title Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair
title_full Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair
title_fullStr Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair
title_full_unstemmed Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair
title_short Nanocarbon from Rocket Fuel Waste: The Case of Furfuryl Alcohol-Fuming Nitric Acid Hypergolic Pair
title_sort nanocarbon from rocket fuel waste: the case of furfuryl alcohol-fuming nitric acid hypergolic pair
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7821927/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374901
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010001
work_keys_str_mv AT chalmpesnikolaos nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair
AT bourlinosathanasiosb nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair
AT talandesmita nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair
AT bakandritsosaristides nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair
AT moschovasdimitrios nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair
AT avgeropoulosapostolos nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair
AT karakassidesmichaela nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair
AT gournisdimitrios nanocarbonfromrocketfuelwastethecaseoffurfurylalcoholfumingnitricacidhypergolicpair