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Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy

Repeated point prevalence surveys (PPSs) of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antibiotic use are crucial to monitor trends over years at regional level, especially in countries with decentralized healthcare systems. Here, we reported the results of three PPSs conducted in Sicilian acute ca...

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Autores principales: Barchitta, Martina, Maugeri, Andrea, La Rosa, Maria Clara, La Mastra, Claudia, Murolo, Giuseppe, Agodi, Antonella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7822200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33375105
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010001
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author Barchitta, Martina
Maugeri, Andrea
La Rosa, Maria Clara
La Mastra, Claudia
Murolo, Giuseppe
Agodi, Antonella
author_facet Barchitta, Martina
Maugeri, Andrea
La Rosa, Maria Clara
La Mastra, Claudia
Murolo, Giuseppe
Agodi, Antonella
author_sort Barchitta, Martina
collection PubMed
description Repeated point prevalence surveys (PPSs) of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antibiotic use are crucial to monitor trends over years at regional level, especially in countries with decentralized healthcare systems. Here, we reported the results of three PPSs conducted in Sicilian acute care hospitals (Italy) from 2016 to 2018, according to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control protocol. Overall, prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 5.1% in 2016, 4.7% in 2017, and 5.1% in 2018, without a significant trend over years (p = 0.434). At the patient level, the most important factor associated with HAIs was antibiotic use, since patients receiving at least one antimicrobial were more likely to be infected than those who did not receive antimicrobials (OR = 18.87; 95%CI = 13.08–27.22). The analysis of the prevalence of antibiotic use indicated a significant trend across years of the PPSs: 50.5% of patients received at least one antimicrobial agent in 2016, 55.2% in 2017, and 53.7% in 2018 (p < 0.001). The most common indication for antimicrobial prescription was medical prophylaxis, while third-generation cephalosporins represented the most frequently used class of antimicrobial agents, followed by fluoroquinolones and combinations of penicillins. Our study confirms that HAIs still remain a major public health issue, which could be intensified by antibiotic abuse. This raises the need for infection prevention and control and antibiotic stewardship programs aimed to improve knowledge about appropriate antibiotic prescription and to reduce the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials.
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spelling pubmed-78222002021-01-23 Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy Barchitta, Martina Maugeri, Andrea La Rosa, Maria Clara La Mastra, Claudia Murolo, Giuseppe Agodi, Antonella Antibiotics (Basel) Article Repeated point prevalence surveys (PPSs) of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antibiotic use are crucial to monitor trends over years at regional level, especially in countries with decentralized healthcare systems. Here, we reported the results of three PPSs conducted in Sicilian acute care hospitals (Italy) from 2016 to 2018, according to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control protocol. Overall, prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 5.1% in 2016, 4.7% in 2017, and 5.1% in 2018, without a significant trend over years (p = 0.434). At the patient level, the most important factor associated with HAIs was antibiotic use, since patients receiving at least one antimicrobial were more likely to be infected than those who did not receive antimicrobials (OR = 18.87; 95%CI = 13.08–27.22). The analysis of the prevalence of antibiotic use indicated a significant trend across years of the PPSs: 50.5% of patients received at least one antimicrobial agent in 2016, 55.2% in 2017, and 53.7% in 2018 (p < 0.001). The most common indication for antimicrobial prescription was medical prophylaxis, while third-generation cephalosporins represented the most frequently used class of antimicrobial agents, followed by fluoroquinolones and combinations of penicillins. Our study confirms that HAIs still remain a major public health issue, which could be intensified by antibiotic abuse. This raises the need for infection prevention and control and antibiotic stewardship programs aimed to improve knowledge about appropriate antibiotic prescription and to reduce the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. MDPI 2020-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7822200/ /pubmed/33375105 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010001 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Barchitta, Martina
Maugeri, Andrea
La Rosa, Maria Clara
La Mastra, Claudia
Murolo, Giuseppe
Agodi, Antonella
Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy
title Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy
title_full Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy
title_fullStr Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy
title_full_unstemmed Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy
title_short Three-Year Trends of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antibiotic Use in Acute Care Hospitals: Findings from 2016–2018 Point Prevalence Surveys in Sicily, Italy
title_sort three-year trends of healthcare-associated infections and antibiotic use in acute care hospitals: findings from 2016–2018 point prevalence surveys in sicily, italy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7822200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33375105
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010001
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