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Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology

Plants are continually exposed to multiple stresses, which co-occur in nature, and the net effects are frequently more nonadditive (i.e., synergistic or antagonistic), suggesting “unique” responses with respect to that of the individual stress. Further, plant stress responses are not uniform, showin...

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Autores principales: Vescio, Rosa, Abenavoli, Maria Rosa, Sorgonà, Agostino
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7822427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010005
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author Vescio, Rosa
Abenavoli, Maria Rosa
Sorgonà, Agostino
author_facet Vescio, Rosa
Abenavoli, Maria Rosa
Sorgonà, Agostino
author_sort Vescio, Rosa
collection PubMed
description Plants are continually exposed to multiple stresses, which co-occur in nature, and the net effects are frequently more nonadditive (i.e., synergistic or antagonistic), suggesting “unique” responses with respect to that of the individual stress. Further, plant stress responses are not uniform, showing a high spatial and temporal variability among and along the different organs. In this respect, the present work investigated the morphological responses of different root types (seminal, seminal lateral, primary and primary lateral) of maize plants exposed to single (drought and heat) and combined stress (drought + heat). Data were evaluated by a specific root image analysis system (WinRHIZO) and analyzed by uni- and multivariate statistical analyses. The results indicated that primary roots and their laterals were the types more sensitive to the single and combined stresses, while the seminal laterals specifically responded to the combined only. Further, antagonistic and synergistic effects were observed for the specific traits in the primary and their laterals and in the seminal lateral roots in response to the combined stress. These results suggested that the maize root system modified specific root types and traits to deal with different stressful environmental conditions, highlighting that the adaptation strategy to the combined stress may be different from that of the individual ones. The knowledge of “unique or shared” responses of plants to multiple stress can be utilized to develop varieties with broad-spectrum stress tolerance.
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spelling pubmed-78224272021-01-23 Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology Vescio, Rosa Abenavoli, Maria Rosa Sorgonà, Agostino Plants (Basel) Article Plants are continually exposed to multiple stresses, which co-occur in nature, and the net effects are frequently more nonadditive (i.e., synergistic or antagonistic), suggesting “unique” responses with respect to that of the individual stress. Further, plant stress responses are not uniform, showing a high spatial and temporal variability among and along the different organs. In this respect, the present work investigated the morphological responses of different root types (seminal, seminal lateral, primary and primary lateral) of maize plants exposed to single (drought and heat) and combined stress (drought + heat). Data were evaluated by a specific root image analysis system (WinRHIZO) and analyzed by uni- and multivariate statistical analyses. The results indicated that primary roots and their laterals were the types more sensitive to the single and combined stresses, while the seminal laterals specifically responded to the combined only. Further, antagonistic and synergistic effects were observed for the specific traits in the primary and their laterals and in the seminal lateral roots in response to the combined stress. These results suggested that the maize root system modified specific root types and traits to deal with different stressful environmental conditions, highlighting that the adaptation strategy to the combined stress may be different from that of the individual ones. The knowledge of “unique or shared” responses of plants to multiple stress can be utilized to develop varieties with broad-spectrum stress tolerance. MDPI 2020-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7822427/ /pubmed/33374570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010005 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vescio, Rosa
Abenavoli, Maria Rosa
Sorgonà, Agostino
Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology
title Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology
title_full Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology
title_fullStr Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology
title_full_unstemmed Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology
title_short Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Maize Root Morphology
title_sort single and combined abiotic stress in maize root morphology
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7822427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33374570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010005
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