SARS-CoV-2 induces robust germinal center CD4 T follicular helper cell responses in rhesus macaques

CD4 T follicular helper (T(fh)) cells are important for the generation of durable and specific humoral protection against viral infections. The degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection generates T(fh) cells and stimulates the germinal center (GC) response is an important question as we investigate vacci...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shaan Lakshmanappa, Yashavanth, Elizaldi, Sonny R., Roh, Jamin W., Schmidt, Brian A., Carroll, Timothy D., Weaver, Kourtney D., Smith, Justin C., Verma, Anil, Deere, Jesse D., Dutra, Joseph, Stone, Mars, Franz, Sergej, Sammak, Rebecca Lee, Olstad, Katherine J., Rachel Reader, J., Ma, Zhong-Min, Nguyen, Nancy K., Watanabe, Jennifer, Usachenko, Jodie, Immareddy, Ramya, Yee, JoAnn L., Weiskopf, Daniela, Sette, Alessandro, Hartigan-O’Connor, Dennis, McSorley, Stephen J., Morrison, John H., Tran, Nam K., Simmons, Graham, Busch, Michael P., Kozlowski, Pamela A., Van Rompay, Koen K. A., Miller, Christopher J., Iyer, Smita S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7822826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33483492
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20642-x
Descripción
Sumario:CD4 T follicular helper (T(fh)) cells are important for the generation of durable and specific humoral protection against viral infections. The degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection generates T(fh) cells and stimulates the germinal center (GC) response is an important question as we investigate vaccine induced immunity against COVID-19. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques, either infused with convalescent plasma, normal plasma, or receiving no infusion, resulted in transient accumulation of pro-inflammatory monocytes and proliferating T(fh) cells with a T(h)1 profile in peripheral blood. CD4 helper cell responses skewed predominantly toward a T(h)1 response in blood, lung, and lymph nodes. SARS-CoV-2 Infection induced GC T(fh) cells specific for the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins, and a corresponding early appearance of antiviral serum IgG antibodies. Collectively, the data show induction of GC responses in a rhesus model of mild COVID-19.

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