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The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Propolis, also described as bee glue, is a natural component made up of a resinous mixture of honeybee compounds from multiple botanical sources. The literature has demonstrated a variety of medicinal properties attributed to propolis due to its chemical complexity. However, the posi...

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Autores principales: Silva, Henrique, Francisco, Rafaela, Saraiva, Ariana, Francisco, Simone, Carrascosa, Conrado, Raposo, António
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823408/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33406745
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10010027
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author Silva, Henrique
Francisco, Rafaela
Saraiva, Ariana
Francisco, Simone
Carrascosa, Conrado
Raposo, António
author_facet Silva, Henrique
Francisco, Rafaela
Saraiva, Ariana
Francisco, Simone
Carrascosa, Conrado
Raposo, António
author_sort Silva, Henrique
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Propolis, also described as bee glue, is a natural component made up of a resinous mixture of honeybee compounds from multiple botanical sources. The literature has demonstrated a variety of medicinal properties attributed to propolis due to its chemical complexity. However, the positive effects of propolis on cardiovascular health have gained little coverage. Therefore, we aimed to provide an accurate and up-to-date review of the main cardiovascular health benefits of propolis. In particular, we intend to establish the key varieties of propolis and pharmacological compounds with the therapeutic effects that are most encouraging, as well as the physiological processes by which those advantages are accomplished. The Brazilian green and red varieties reveal the greatest number of beneficial activities among the varieties of propolis studied. While much of the cardiovascular beneficial effects appear to derive from the cumulative actions of several compounds working via multiple signaling mechanisms, some individual compounds that may enhance the existing therapeutic arsenal have also shown significant results. It is also worth exploring the prospect of using propolis as food supplements. ABSTRACT: Owing to its chemical richness, propolis has a myriad of therapeutic properties. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review paper on propolis to focus exclusively on its major effects for cardiovascular health. The propolis compound varieties with the most promising therapeutic benefits and their respective physiological mechanisms will be discussed. Propolis displays an anti-atherosclerotic activity, attained through modulation of the plasma lipid profile and through stabilization of the fatty plaque by inhibiting macrophage apoptosis, vascular smooth muscle proliferation and metalloproteinase activity. The antihypertensive effects of propolis probably arise through the combination of several mechanisms, including the suppression of catecholamine synthesis, stimulation of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and vascular anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-hemostatic activity of propolis is attributed to the inhibition of platelet plug formation and antifibrinolytic activity. By inhibiting the secretion of proangiogenic factors, propolis suppresses endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis, exerting antiangiogenic activity. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are responsible for protection against vascular endothelial and cardiomyocyte dysfunction, mostly by the prevention of oxidative stress. Among the reviewed propolis varieties, the Brazilian green and red varieties show the largest number of beneficial activities. Further research, especially preclinical, should be conducted to assess the cardiovascular benefits of the given varieties with different compositions.
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spelling pubmed-78234082021-01-24 The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review Silva, Henrique Francisco, Rafaela Saraiva, Ariana Francisco, Simone Carrascosa, Conrado Raposo, António Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Propolis, also described as bee glue, is a natural component made up of a resinous mixture of honeybee compounds from multiple botanical sources. The literature has demonstrated a variety of medicinal properties attributed to propolis due to its chemical complexity. However, the positive effects of propolis on cardiovascular health have gained little coverage. Therefore, we aimed to provide an accurate and up-to-date review of the main cardiovascular health benefits of propolis. In particular, we intend to establish the key varieties of propolis and pharmacological compounds with the therapeutic effects that are most encouraging, as well as the physiological processes by which those advantages are accomplished. The Brazilian green and red varieties reveal the greatest number of beneficial activities among the varieties of propolis studied. While much of the cardiovascular beneficial effects appear to derive from the cumulative actions of several compounds working via multiple signaling mechanisms, some individual compounds that may enhance the existing therapeutic arsenal have also shown significant results. It is also worth exploring the prospect of using propolis as food supplements. ABSTRACT: Owing to its chemical richness, propolis has a myriad of therapeutic properties. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review paper on propolis to focus exclusively on its major effects for cardiovascular health. The propolis compound varieties with the most promising therapeutic benefits and their respective physiological mechanisms will be discussed. Propolis displays an anti-atherosclerotic activity, attained through modulation of the plasma lipid profile and through stabilization of the fatty plaque by inhibiting macrophage apoptosis, vascular smooth muscle proliferation and metalloproteinase activity. The antihypertensive effects of propolis probably arise through the combination of several mechanisms, including the suppression of catecholamine synthesis, stimulation of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and vascular anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-hemostatic activity of propolis is attributed to the inhibition of platelet plug formation and antifibrinolytic activity. By inhibiting the secretion of proangiogenic factors, propolis suppresses endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis, exerting antiangiogenic activity. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are responsible for protection against vascular endothelial and cardiomyocyte dysfunction, mostly by the prevention of oxidative stress. Among the reviewed propolis varieties, the Brazilian green and red varieties show the largest number of beneficial activities. Further research, especially preclinical, should be conducted to assess the cardiovascular benefits of the given varieties with different compositions. MDPI 2021-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7823408/ /pubmed/33406745 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10010027 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Silva, Henrique
Francisco, Rafaela
Saraiva, Ariana
Francisco, Simone
Carrascosa, Conrado
Raposo, António
The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review
title The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review
title_full The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review
title_fullStr The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review
title_full_unstemmed The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review
title_short The Cardiovascular Therapeutic Potential of Propolis—A Comprehensive Review
title_sort cardiovascular therapeutic potential of propolis—a comprehensive review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823408/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33406745
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10010027
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