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Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis
In membrane processes, a spacer is known to play a key role in the mitigation of membrane fouling. In this study, the effect of electric polarization on a graphene-blended polymer spacer (e.g., poly(lactic acid), PLA) for organic fouling on membrane surfaces was investigated. A pristine PLA spacer (...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823477/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33406616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010036 |
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author | Yanar, Numan Liang, Yejin Yang, Eunmok Park, Hosik Son, Moon Choi, Heechul |
author_facet | Yanar, Numan Liang, Yejin Yang, Eunmok Park, Hosik Son, Moon Choi, Heechul |
author_sort | Yanar, Numan |
collection | PubMed |
description | In membrane processes, a spacer is known to play a key role in the mitigation of membrane fouling. In this study, the effect of electric polarization on a graphene-blended polymer spacer (e.g., poly(lactic acid), PLA) for organic fouling on membrane surfaces was investigated. A pristine PLA spacer (P-S), a graphene-blended spacer (G-S), and an electrically polarized graphene-blended spacer (EG-S) were successfully fabricated by 3D printing. Organic fouling tests were conducted by the 5-h filtration of CaCl(2) and a sodium alginate solution through commercially available membranes, which were placed together with the fabricated spacers. Membranes utilizing P-S, G-S, and EG-S were characterized in terms of the fouling amount on the membrane surface and fouling roughness. Electrostatic forces of EG-S provided 70% less and 90% smoother fouling on the membrane surface, leading to an only 14% less water flux reduction after 5 h of fouling. The importance of nanomaterial blending and polarization was successfully demonstrated herein. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7823477 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78234772021-01-24 Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis Yanar, Numan Liang, Yejin Yang, Eunmok Park, Hosik Son, Moon Choi, Heechul Membranes (Basel) Communication In membrane processes, a spacer is known to play a key role in the mitigation of membrane fouling. In this study, the effect of electric polarization on a graphene-blended polymer spacer (e.g., poly(lactic acid), PLA) for organic fouling on membrane surfaces was investigated. A pristine PLA spacer (P-S), a graphene-blended spacer (G-S), and an electrically polarized graphene-blended spacer (EG-S) were successfully fabricated by 3D printing. Organic fouling tests were conducted by the 5-h filtration of CaCl(2) and a sodium alginate solution through commercially available membranes, which were placed together with the fabricated spacers. Membranes utilizing P-S, G-S, and EG-S were characterized in terms of the fouling amount on the membrane surface and fouling roughness. Electrostatic forces of EG-S provided 70% less and 90% smoother fouling on the membrane surface, leading to an only 14% less water flux reduction after 5 h of fouling. The importance of nanomaterial blending and polarization was successfully demonstrated herein. MDPI 2021-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7823477/ /pubmed/33406616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010036 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Yanar, Numan Liang, Yejin Yang, Eunmok Park, Hosik Son, Moon Choi, Heechul Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis |
title | Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis |
title_full | Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis |
title_fullStr | Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis |
title_short | Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis |
title_sort | electrically polarized graphene-blended spacers for organic fouling reduction in forward osmosis |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823477/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33406616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010036 |
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