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Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms

Infectious bronchitis (IB) and Newcastle disease (ND) are two important diseases of poultry and have remained a threat to the development of the poultry industry in many parts of the world. The immunology of avian has been well studied and numerous vaccines have been developed against the two viruse...

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Autores principales: Ike, Anthony C., Ononugbo, Chukwuebuka M., Obi, Okechukwu J., Onu, Chisom J., Olovo, Chinasa V., Muo, Sophia O., Chukwu, Okoro S., Reward, Eleazar E., Omeke, Odinakachukwu P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33406695
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9010020
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author Ike, Anthony C.
Ononugbo, Chukwuebuka M.
Obi, Okechukwu J.
Onu, Chisom J.
Olovo, Chinasa V.
Muo, Sophia O.
Chukwu, Okoro S.
Reward, Eleazar E.
Omeke, Odinakachukwu P.
author_facet Ike, Anthony C.
Ononugbo, Chukwuebuka M.
Obi, Okechukwu J.
Onu, Chisom J.
Olovo, Chinasa V.
Muo, Sophia O.
Chukwu, Okoro S.
Reward, Eleazar E.
Omeke, Odinakachukwu P.
author_sort Ike, Anthony C.
collection PubMed
description Infectious bronchitis (IB) and Newcastle disease (ND) are two important diseases of poultry and have remained a threat to the development of the poultry industry in many parts of the world. The immunology of avian has been well studied and numerous vaccines have been developed against the two viruses. Most of these vaccines are either inactivated vaccines or live attenuated vaccines. Inactivated vaccines induce weak cellular immune responses and require priming with live or other types of vaccines. Advanced technology has been used to produce several types of vaccines that can initiate prime immune responses. However, as a result of rapid genetic variations, the control of these two viral infections through vaccination has remained a challenge. Using various strategies such as combination of live attenuated and inactivated vaccines, development of IB/ND vaccines, use of DNA vaccines and transgenic plant vaccines, the problem is being surmounted. It is hoped that with increasing understanding of the immunological mechanisms in birds that are used in fighting these viruses, a more successful control of the diseases will be achieved. This will go a long way in contributing to global food security and the economic development of many developing countries, given the role of poultry in the attainment of these goals.
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spelling pubmed-78235602021-01-24 Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms Ike, Anthony C. Ononugbo, Chukwuebuka M. Obi, Okechukwu J. Onu, Chisom J. Olovo, Chinasa V. Muo, Sophia O. Chukwu, Okoro S. Reward, Eleazar E. Omeke, Odinakachukwu P. Vaccines (Basel) Review Infectious bronchitis (IB) and Newcastle disease (ND) are two important diseases of poultry and have remained a threat to the development of the poultry industry in many parts of the world. The immunology of avian has been well studied and numerous vaccines have been developed against the two viruses. Most of these vaccines are either inactivated vaccines or live attenuated vaccines. Inactivated vaccines induce weak cellular immune responses and require priming with live or other types of vaccines. Advanced technology has been used to produce several types of vaccines that can initiate prime immune responses. However, as a result of rapid genetic variations, the control of these two viral infections through vaccination has remained a challenge. Using various strategies such as combination of live attenuated and inactivated vaccines, development of IB/ND vaccines, use of DNA vaccines and transgenic plant vaccines, the problem is being surmounted. It is hoped that with increasing understanding of the immunological mechanisms in birds that are used in fighting these viruses, a more successful control of the diseases will be achieved. This will go a long way in contributing to global food security and the economic development of many developing countries, given the role of poultry in the attainment of these goals. MDPI 2021-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7823560/ /pubmed/33406695 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9010020 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ike, Anthony C.
Ononugbo, Chukwuebuka M.
Obi, Okechukwu J.
Onu, Chisom J.
Olovo, Chinasa V.
Muo, Sophia O.
Chukwu, Okoro S.
Reward, Eleazar E.
Omeke, Odinakachukwu P.
Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms
title Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms
title_full Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms
title_fullStr Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms
title_short Towards Improved Use of Vaccination in the Control of Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease in Poultry: Understanding the Immunological Mechanisms
title_sort towards improved use of vaccination in the control of infectious bronchitis and newcastle disease in poultry: understanding the immunological mechanisms
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33406695
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9010020
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