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Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria

The molecular epidemiology of giardiasis in Africa remains unclear. A study was carried out across four hospitals in Algeria. A total of 119 fecal samples from 55 children, 37 adults, and 27 individuals of undetermined age, all scored positive for intestinal parasites by microscopy, and were screene...

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Autores principales: Belkessa, Salem, Thomas-Lopez, Daniel, Houali, Karim, Ghalmi, Farida, Stensvold, Christen Rune
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33379186
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010054
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author Belkessa, Salem
Thomas-Lopez, Daniel
Houali, Karim
Ghalmi, Farida
Stensvold, Christen Rune
author_facet Belkessa, Salem
Thomas-Lopez, Daniel
Houali, Karim
Ghalmi, Farida
Stensvold, Christen Rune
author_sort Belkessa, Salem
collection PubMed
description The molecular epidemiology of giardiasis in Africa remains unclear. A study was carried out across four hospitals in Algeria. A total of 119 fecal samples from 55 children, 37 adults, and 27 individuals of undetermined age, all scored positive for intestinal parasites by microscopy, and were screened by real-time PCR for Giardia. Molecular characterization of Giardia was performed by assemblage-specific PCR and PCR targeting the triose phosphate isomerase gene (tpi). Of the 119 samples, 80 (67%) were Giardia-positive by real-time PCR. For 48 moderately-highly real-time PCR-positive samples, tpi genotyping assigned 22 samples to Assemblage A and 26 to Assemblage B. Contrary to Assemblage A, Assemblage B exhibited substantial genetic diversity and allelic heterozygosity. Assemblage-specific PCR proved to be specific for discriminating Assemblage A or B but not as sensitive as tpi genotyping. We confirmed that real-time PCR is more sensitive than microscopy for detecting Giardia in stool samples and that robust amplification and sequencing of the tpi gene is feasible when moderate-to-strongly real-time PCR-positive samples are used. This study is one of the few performed in Africa providing genotyping data on Giardia infections in humans. Both assemblages A and B were commonly seen and not associated with specific sociodemographic data.
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spelling pubmed-78238552021-01-24 Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria Belkessa, Salem Thomas-Lopez, Daniel Houali, Karim Ghalmi, Farida Stensvold, Christen Rune Microorganisms Article The molecular epidemiology of giardiasis in Africa remains unclear. A study was carried out across four hospitals in Algeria. A total of 119 fecal samples from 55 children, 37 adults, and 27 individuals of undetermined age, all scored positive for intestinal parasites by microscopy, and were screened by real-time PCR for Giardia. Molecular characterization of Giardia was performed by assemblage-specific PCR and PCR targeting the triose phosphate isomerase gene (tpi). Of the 119 samples, 80 (67%) were Giardia-positive by real-time PCR. For 48 moderately-highly real-time PCR-positive samples, tpi genotyping assigned 22 samples to Assemblage A and 26 to Assemblage B. Contrary to Assemblage A, Assemblage B exhibited substantial genetic diversity and allelic heterozygosity. Assemblage-specific PCR proved to be specific for discriminating Assemblage A or B but not as sensitive as tpi genotyping. We confirmed that real-time PCR is more sensitive than microscopy for detecting Giardia in stool samples and that robust amplification and sequencing of the tpi gene is feasible when moderate-to-strongly real-time PCR-positive samples are used. This study is one of the few performed in Africa providing genotyping data on Giardia infections in humans. Both assemblages A and B were commonly seen and not associated with specific sociodemographic data. MDPI 2020-12-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7823855/ /pubmed/33379186 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010054 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Belkessa, Salem
Thomas-Lopez, Daniel
Houali, Karim
Ghalmi, Farida
Stensvold, Christen Rune
Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria
title Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria
title_full Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria
title_fullStr Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria
title_short Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria
title_sort molecular characterization of giardia duodenalis in children and adults sampled in algeria
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7823855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33379186
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010054
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