Cargando…

Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies

We previously demonstrated, using the Piry virus model, that environmental enrichment promotes higher T-cell infiltration, fewer microglial changes, and faster central nervous system (CNS) virus clearance in adult mice. However, little is known about disease progression, behavioral changes, CNS cyto...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Freitas, Priscilla dos Santos Lieuthier, Lima, Ana Victória de Lima, Carvalho, Karina Glazianne Barbosa, Cabral, Tatyane da Silva, de Farias, Alexandre Maia, Rodrigues, Ana Paula Drummond, Diniz, Daniel Guerreiro, Picanço Diniz, Cristovam Wanderley, Diniz Júnior, José Antônio Picanço
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7824630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33396704
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13010048
_version_ 1783640124667461632
author Freitas, Priscilla dos Santos Lieuthier
Lima, Ana Victória de Lima
Carvalho, Karina Glazianne Barbosa
Cabral, Tatyane da Silva
de Farias, Alexandre Maia
Rodrigues, Ana Paula Drummond
Diniz, Daniel Guerreiro
Picanço Diniz, Cristovam Wanderley
Diniz Júnior, José Antônio Picanço
author_facet Freitas, Priscilla dos Santos Lieuthier
Lima, Ana Victória de Lima
Carvalho, Karina Glazianne Barbosa
Cabral, Tatyane da Silva
de Farias, Alexandre Maia
Rodrigues, Ana Paula Drummond
Diniz, Daniel Guerreiro
Picanço Diniz, Cristovam Wanderley
Diniz Júnior, José Antônio Picanço
author_sort Freitas, Priscilla dos Santos Lieuthier
collection PubMed
description We previously demonstrated, using the Piry virus model, that environmental enrichment promotes higher T-cell infiltration, fewer microglial changes, and faster central nervous system (CNS) virus clearance in adult mice. However, little is known about disease progression, behavioral changes, CNS cytokine concentration, and neuropathology in limbic encephalitis in experimental models. Using Cocal virus, we infected C57Bl6 adult mice and studied the neuroanatomical distribution of viral antigens in correlation with the microglial morphological response, measured the CNS cytokine concentration, and assessed behavioral changes. C57Bl6 adult mice were maintained in an impoverished environment (IE) or enriched environment (EE) for four months and then subjected to the open field test. Afterwards, an equal volume of normal or virus-infected brain homogenate was nasally instilled. The brains were processed to detect viral antigens and microglial morphological changes using selective immunolabeling. We demonstrated earlier significant weight loss and higher mortality in IE mice. Additionally, behavioral analysis revealed a significant influence of the environment on locomotor and exploratory activity that was associated with less neuroinvasion and a reduced microglial response. Thus, environmental enrichment was associated with a more effective immune response in a mouse model of limbic encephalitis, allowing faster viral clearance/decreased viral dissemination, reduced disease progression, and less CNS damage.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7824630
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-78246302021-01-24 Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies Freitas, Priscilla dos Santos Lieuthier Lima, Ana Victória de Lima Carvalho, Karina Glazianne Barbosa Cabral, Tatyane da Silva de Farias, Alexandre Maia Rodrigues, Ana Paula Drummond Diniz, Daniel Guerreiro Picanço Diniz, Cristovam Wanderley Diniz Júnior, José Antônio Picanço Viruses Article We previously demonstrated, using the Piry virus model, that environmental enrichment promotes higher T-cell infiltration, fewer microglial changes, and faster central nervous system (CNS) virus clearance in adult mice. However, little is known about disease progression, behavioral changes, CNS cytokine concentration, and neuropathology in limbic encephalitis in experimental models. Using Cocal virus, we infected C57Bl6 adult mice and studied the neuroanatomical distribution of viral antigens in correlation with the microglial morphological response, measured the CNS cytokine concentration, and assessed behavioral changes. C57Bl6 adult mice were maintained in an impoverished environment (IE) or enriched environment (EE) for four months and then subjected to the open field test. Afterwards, an equal volume of normal or virus-infected brain homogenate was nasally instilled. The brains were processed to detect viral antigens and microglial morphological changes using selective immunolabeling. We demonstrated earlier significant weight loss and higher mortality in IE mice. Additionally, behavioral analysis revealed a significant influence of the environment on locomotor and exploratory activity that was associated with less neuroinvasion and a reduced microglial response. Thus, environmental enrichment was associated with a more effective immune response in a mouse model of limbic encephalitis, allowing faster viral clearance/decreased viral dissemination, reduced disease progression, and less CNS damage. MDPI 2020-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7824630/ /pubmed/33396704 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13010048 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Freitas, Priscilla dos Santos Lieuthier
Lima, Ana Victória de Lima
Carvalho, Karina Glazianne Barbosa
Cabral, Tatyane da Silva
de Farias, Alexandre Maia
Rodrigues, Ana Paula Drummond
Diniz, Daniel Guerreiro
Picanço Diniz, Cristovam Wanderley
Diniz Júnior, José Antônio Picanço
Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies
title Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies
title_full Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies
title_fullStr Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies
title_full_unstemmed Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies
title_short Limbic Encephalitis Brain Damage Induced by Cocal Virus in Adult Mice Is Reduced by Environmental Enrichment: Neuropathological and Behavioral Studies
title_sort limbic encephalitis brain damage induced by cocal virus in adult mice is reduced by environmental enrichment: neuropathological and behavioral studies
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7824630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33396704
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13010048
work_keys_str_mv AT freitaspriscilladossantoslieuthier limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT limaanavictoriadelima limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT carvalhokarinaglaziannebarbosa limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT cabraltatyanedasilva limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT defariasalexandremaia limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT rodriguesanapauladrummond limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT dinizdanielguerreiro limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT picancodinizcristovamwanderley limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies
AT dinizjuniorjoseantoniopicanco limbicencephalitisbraindamageinducedbycocalvirusinadultmiceisreducedbyenvironmentalenrichmentneuropathologicalandbehavioralstudies