Dysmetabolisms Can Affect Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of Human Plasma: Determination of Reference Intervals of TAC by Way of CUPRAC-BCS Method

The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of human plasma is an index of the redox buffer capacity of this biological fluid and could be a biomarker for those disorders affecting redox status. Distinguishing physiological from pathological conditions needs a reference. Therefore, this work aims to define the reference intervals for TAC of human plasma of apparently healthy adult individuals. TAC was measured using the CUPRAC-BCS (CUPric reducing antioxidant capacity-bathocuproinedisulfonic acid) method previously optimized and tested in a clinical laboratory. A population of 500 blood donors was selected, plus an additional 222 pathological patients carrying specific defective metabolisms, namely, hyperuricemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and type 2 diabetic mellitus. The reference intervals of TAC were calculated according to international guidelines. Due to the response of a partitioning test, the reference intervals for healthy population were separately defined for male (258) and female (151) groups. The reference intervals (µmol L(−1)) resulted: 727–1248 for the male subgroup and 637–1048 for the female subgroup. The absence of an age effect on TAC values was verified. The reference intervals evaluated allow a discussion on some pathological conditions overloading the plasma with redox-active waste substances.