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School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Although school garden programs have been shown to improve dietary behaviors, there has not been a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted to examine the effects of school garden programs on obesity or other health outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects...

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Autores principales: Davis, Jaimie N., Pérez, Adriana, Asigbee, Fiona M., Landry, Matthew J., Vandyousefi, Sarvenaz, Ghaddar, Reem, Hoover, Amy, Jeans, Matthew, Nikah, Katie, Fischer, Brian, Pont, Stephen J., Richards, Daphne, Hoelscher, Deanna M., Van Den Berg, Alexandra E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825209/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33485354
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01087-x
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author Davis, Jaimie N.
Pérez, Adriana
Asigbee, Fiona M.
Landry, Matthew J.
Vandyousefi, Sarvenaz
Ghaddar, Reem
Hoover, Amy
Jeans, Matthew
Nikah, Katie
Fischer, Brian
Pont, Stephen J.
Richards, Daphne
Hoelscher, Deanna M.
Van Den Berg, Alexandra E.
author_facet Davis, Jaimie N.
Pérez, Adriana
Asigbee, Fiona M.
Landry, Matthew J.
Vandyousefi, Sarvenaz
Ghaddar, Reem
Hoover, Amy
Jeans, Matthew
Nikah, Katie
Fischer, Brian
Pont, Stephen J.
Richards, Daphne
Hoelscher, Deanna M.
Van Den Berg, Alexandra E.
author_sort Davis, Jaimie N.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Although school garden programs have been shown to improve dietary behaviors, there has not been a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted to examine the effects of school garden programs on obesity or other health outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a one-year school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention (called Texas Sprouts) on dietary intake, obesity outcomes, and blood pressure in elementary school children. METHODS: This study was a school-based cluster RCT with 16 elementary schools that were randomly assigned to either the Texas Sprouts intervention (n = 8 schools) or to control (delayed intervention, n = 8 schools). The intervention was one school year long (9 months) and consisted of: a) Garden Leadership Committee formation; b) a 0.25-acre outdoor teaching garden; c) 18 student gardening, nutrition, and cooking lessons taught by trained educators throughout the school-year; and d) nine monthly parent lessons. The delayed intervention was implemented the following academic year and received the same protocol as the intervention arm. Child outcomes measured were anthropometrics (i.e., BMI parameters, waist circumference, and body fat percentage via bioelectrical impedance), blood pressure, and dietary intake (i.e., vegetable, fruit, and sugar sweetened beverages) via survey. Data were analyzed with complete cases and with imputations at random. Generalized weighted linear mixed models were used to test the intervention effects and to account for clustering effect of sampling by school. RESULTS: A total of 3135 children were enrolled in the study (intervention n = 1412, 45%). Average age was 9.2 years, 64% Hispanic, 47% male, and 69% eligible for free and reduced lunch. The intervention compared to control resulted in increased vegetable intake (+ 0.48 vs. + 0.04 frequency/day, p = 0.02). There were no effects of the intervention compared to control on fruit intake, sugar sweetened beverages, any of the obesity measures or blood pressure. CONCLUSION: While this school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking program did not reduce obesity markers or blood pressure, it did result in increased vegetable intake. It is possible that a longer and more sustained effect of increased vegetable intake is needed to lead to reductions in obesity markers and blood pressure. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER: NCT02668744.
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spelling pubmed-78252092021-01-25 School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial Davis, Jaimie N. Pérez, Adriana Asigbee, Fiona M. Landry, Matthew J. Vandyousefi, Sarvenaz Ghaddar, Reem Hoover, Amy Jeans, Matthew Nikah, Katie Fischer, Brian Pont, Stephen J. Richards, Daphne Hoelscher, Deanna M. Van Den Berg, Alexandra E. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Research BACKGROUND: Although school garden programs have been shown to improve dietary behaviors, there has not been a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted to examine the effects of school garden programs on obesity or other health outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a one-year school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention (called Texas Sprouts) on dietary intake, obesity outcomes, and blood pressure in elementary school children. METHODS: This study was a school-based cluster RCT with 16 elementary schools that were randomly assigned to either the Texas Sprouts intervention (n = 8 schools) or to control (delayed intervention, n = 8 schools). The intervention was one school year long (9 months) and consisted of: a) Garden Leadership Committee formation; b) a 0.25-acre outdoor teaching garden; c) 18 student gardening, nutrition, and cooking lessons taught by trained educators throughout the school-year; and d) nine monthly parent lessons. The delayed intervention was implemented the following academic year and received the same protocol as the intervention arm. Child outcomes measured were anthropometrics (i.e., BMI parameters, waist circumference, and body fat percentage via bioelectrical impedance), blood pressure, and dietary intake (i.e., vegetable, fruit, and sugar sweetened beverages) via survey. Data were analyzed with complete cases and with imputations at random. Generalized weighted linear mixed models were used to test the intervention effects and to account for clustering effect of sampling by school. RESULTS: A total of 3135 children were enrolled in the study (intervention n = 1412, 45%). Average age was 9.2 years, 64% Hispanic, 47% male, and 69% eligible for free and reduced lunch. The intervention compared to control resulted in increased vegetable intake (+ 0.48 vs. + 0.04 frequency/day, p = 0.02). There were no effects of the intervention compared to control on fruit intake, sugar sweetened beverages, any of the obesity measures or blood pressure. CONCLUSION: While this school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking program did not reduce obesity markers or blood pressure, it did result in increased vegetable intake. It is possible that a longer and more sustained effect of increased vegetable intake is needed to lead to reductions in obesity markers and blood pressure. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER: NCT02668744. BioMed Central 2021-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7825209/ /pubmed/33485354 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01087-x Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Davis, Jaimie N.
Pérez, Adriana
Asigbee, Fiona M.
Landry, Matthew J.
Vandyousefi, Sarvenaz
Ghaddar, Reem
Hoover, Amy
Jeans, Matthew
Nikah, Katie
Fischer, Brian
Pont, Stephen J.
Richards, Daphne
Hoelscher, Deanna M.
Van Den Berg, Alexandra E.
School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
title School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_full School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_fullStr School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_short School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_sort school-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce bmi: texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825209/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33485354
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01087-x
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