Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research

The main purpose of the paper is to identify the outcomes for employers and employees indicated in research related to workplace health promotion interventions (WHPIs). We investigated what methods are used and what types of organization this type of research is most often carried out in. In additio...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Basińska-Zych, Agata, Springer, Agnieszka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33419033
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020383
_version_ 1783640280654675968
author Basińska-Zych, Agata
Springer, Agnieszka
author_facet Basińska-Zych, Agata
Springer, Agnieszka
author_sort Basińska-Zych, Agata
collection PubMed
description The main purpose of the paper is to identify the outcomes for employers and employees indicated in research related to workplace health promotion interventions (WHPIs). We investigated what methods are used and what types of organization this type of research is most often carried out in. In addition, the authors attempted to assess to what extent the methods used in the previous research prove the effectiveness of the implemented WHPIs. A systematic review of English-language papers (2000–2020) focused on types of health-promoting interventions in the workplace, and outcomes for employers and employees were conducted using the SCOPUS database (n = 260). As a result, 29 texts qualified for a final qualitative synthesis of the results. The analyses were most frequently conducted in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. In order to draw conclusions, analyses were made by classifying the research presented in the texts according to the type of intervention implemented, classifying the outcomes identified, and indicating the type of evaluation made by the researcher. The analysis showed that most of the outcomes presented refer to changes in the strategy and organizational culture, as well as the behavior of employees. In 18 studies, the indication of outcomes resulted directly from the evaluation outcomes. In other cases, the outcomes were identified by an evaluation of the process or structure of WHPI. The conducted analysis showed significant diversity in terms of the outcomes measured and the research methods used. The quasi-experimental methods, randomly controlled cluster trials, or cross-sectorial studies used in the study to confirm the effectiveness of WHPI were used only in every third study. In these studies, measurements were usually performed twice: at baseline and after intervention. The majority of studies confirmed that WHPIs led to a positive change in the healthy behavior of employees and effected an organizational change, and more rarely led to savings or a reduction in costs resulting from sickness absenteeism, presentism, turnover, etc., and return on investment (ROI). The article shows the need to conduct further research towards the development of guidelines for the evaluation of the effectiveness of implemented programs.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7825322
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-78253222021-01-24 Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research Basińska-Zych, Agata Springer, Agnieszka Int J Environ Res Public Health Review The main purpose of the paper is to identify the outcomes for employers and employees indicated in research related to workplace health promotion interventions (WHPIs). We investigated what methods are used and what types of organization this type of research is most often carried out in. In addition, the authors attempted to assess to what extent the methods used in the previous research prove the effectiveness of the implemented WHPIs. A systematic review of English-language papers (2000–2020) focused on types of health-promoting interventions in the workplace, and outcomes for employers and employees were conducted using the SCOPUS database (n = 260). As a result, 29 texts qualified for a final qualitative synthesis of the results. The analyses were most frequently conducted in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. In order to draw conclusions, analyses were made by classifying the research presented in the texts according to the type of intervention implemented, classifying the outcomes identified, and indicating the type of evaluation made by the researcher. The analysis showed that most of the outcomes presented refer to changes in the strategy and organizational culture, as well as the behavior of employees. In 18 studies, the indication of outcomes resulted directly from the evaluation outcomes. In other cases, the outcomes were identified by an evaluation of the process or structure of WHPI. The conducted analysis showed significant diversity in terms of the outcomes measured and the research methods used. The quasi-experimental methods, randomly controlled cluster trials, or cross-sectorial studies used in the study to confirm the effectiveness of WHPI were used only in every third study. In these studies, measurements were usually performed twice: at baseline and after intervention. The majority of studies confirmed that WHPIs led to a positive change in the healthy behavior of employees and effected an organizational change, and more rarely led to savings or a reduction in costs resulting from sickness absenteeism, presentism, turnover, etc., and return on investment (ROI). The article shows the need to conduct further research towards the development of guidelines for the evaluation of the effectiveness of implemented programs. MDPI 2021-01-06 2021-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7825322/ /pubmed/33419033 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020383 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Basińska-Zych, Agata
Springer, Agnieszka
Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research
title Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research
title_full Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research
title_fullStr Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research
title_full_unstemmed Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research
title_short Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies—A Review of Empirical Research
title_sort organizational and individual outcomes of health promotion strategies—a review of empirical research
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33419033
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020383
work_keys_str_mv AT basinskazychagata organizationalandindividualoutcomesofhealthpromotionstrategiesareviewofempiricalresearch
AT springeragnieszka organizationalandindividualoutcomesofhealthpromotionstrategiesareviewofempiricalresearch