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SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, first identified in Wuhan (China) in December 2019, represents the same family as the Serve Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1). These viruses spread mainly via the droplet route. However, during the pandemic of COVID-19 other reservoirs, i.e., water...

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Autores principales: Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, Natalia, Grudlewska-Buda, Katarzyna, Wałecka-Zacharska, Ewa, Kwiecińska-Piróg, Joanna, Radtke, Laura, Gospodarek-Komkowska, Eugenia, Skowron, Krzysztof
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513500
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145260
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author Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, Natalia
Grudlewska-Buda, Katarzyna
Wałecka-Zacharska, Ewa
Kwiecińska-Piróg, Joanna
Radtke, Laura
Gospodarek-Komkowska, Eugenia
Skowron, Krzysztof
author_facet Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, Natalia
Grudlewska-Buda, Katarzyna
Wałecka-Zacharska, Ewa
Kwiecińska-Piróg, Joanna
Radtke, Laura
Gospodarek-Komkowska, Eugenia
Skowron, Krzysztof
author_sort Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, Natalia
collection PubMed
description The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, first identified in Wuhan (China) in December 2019, represents the same family as the Serve Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1). These viruses spread mainly via the droplet route. However, during the pandemic of COVID-19 other reservoirs, i.e., water (surface and ground), sewage, garbage, or soil, should be considered. As the infectious SARS-CoV-2 particles are also present in human excretions, such a non-droplet transmission is also possible. A significant problem is the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the hospital environment, including patients' rooms, medical equipment, everyday objects and the air. Relevant is selecting the type of equipment in the COVID-19 hospital wards on which the virus particles persist the shortest or do not remain infectious. Elimination of plastic objects/equipment from the environment of the infected person seems to be of great importance. It is particularly relevant in water reservoirs contaminated with raw discharges. Wastewater may contain coronaviruses and therefore there is a need for expanding Water-Based Epidemiology (WBE) studies to use obtained values as tool in determination of the actual percentage of the SARS-CoV-2 infected population in an area. It is of great importance to evaluate the available disinfection methods to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment. Exposure of SARS-CoV-2 to 65–70% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide, or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite has effectively eliminated the virus from the surfaces. Since there are many unanswered questions about the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the research on this topic is still ongoing. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 transmission and elucidate the viral survival in the environment, with particular emphasis on the possibility of non-droplet transmission.
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spelling pubmed-78258222021-01-25 SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, Natalia Grudlewska-Buda, Katarzyna Wałecka-Zacharska, Ewa Kwiecińska-Piróg, Joanna Radtke, Laura Gospodarek-Komkowska, Eugenia Skowron, Krzysztof Sci Total Environ Review The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, first identified in Wuhan (China) in December 2019, represents the same family as the Serve Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1). These viruses spread mainly via the droplet route. However, during the pandemic of COVID-19 other reservoirs, i.e., water (surface and ground), sewage, garbage, or soil, should be considered. As the infectious SARS-CoV-2 particles are also present in human excretions, such a non-droplet transmission is also possible. A significant problem is the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the hospital environment, including patients' rooms, medical equipment, everyday objects and the air. Relevant is selecting the type of equipment in the COVID-19 hospital wards on which the virus particles persist the shortest or do not remain infectious. Elimination of plastic objects/equipment from the environment of the infected person seems to be of great importance. It is particularly relevant in water reservoirs contaminated with raw discharges. Wastewater may contain coronaviruses and therefore there is a need for expanding Water-Based Epidemiology (WBE) studies to use obtained values as tool in determination of the actual percentage of the SARS-CoV-2 infected population in an area. It is of great importance to evaluate the available disinfection methods to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment. Exposure of SARS-CoV-2 to 65–70% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide, or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite has effectively eliminated the virus from the surfaces. Since there are many unanswered questions about the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the research on this topic is still ongoing. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 transmission and elucidate the viral survival in the environment, with particular emphasis on the possibility of non-droplet transmission. Elsevier B.V. 2021-05-20 2021-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7825822/ /pubmed/33513500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145260 Text en © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Review
Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, Natalia
Grudlewska-Buda, Katarzyna
Wałecka-Zacharska, Ewa
Kwiecińska-Piróg, Joanna
Radtke, Laura
Gospodarek-Komkowska, Eugenia
Skowron, Krzysztof
SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes
title SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes
title_full SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes
title_fullStr SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes
title_full_unstemmed SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes
title_short SARS-CoV-2 in the environment—Non-droplet spreading routes
title_sort sars-cov-2 in the environment—non-droplet spreading routes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513500
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145260
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