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Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?

The steep increase in asthma prevalence, observed worldwide in recent decades, has created an urgent need to search for effective methods of its prevention. Among other environmental factors, changes in diet habits and the potential influence of individual food components on immunological processes...

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Autores principales: Sozańska, Barbara, Sikorska-Szaflik, Hanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7827701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33429965
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010173
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author Sozańska, Barbara
Sikorska-Szaflik, Hanna
author_facet Sozańska, Barbara
Sikorska-Szaflik, Hanna
author_sort Sozańska, Barbara
collection PubMed
description The steep increase in asthma prevalence, observed worldwide in recent decades, has created an urgent need to search for effective methods of its prevention. Among other environmental factors, changes in diet habits and the potential influence of individual food components on immunological processes have been extensively studied as a potential method of intervention in primary prevention of asthma. The preventive role of some nutrients has been confirmed: unpasteurized milk reduced the risk of asthma in epidemiological studies, vitamin D supplementation was effective in preventing the transient forms of wheezing in small children and high maternal intake of fish oil reduced the risk of persistent wheeze and asthma in children. However, not all studies provided consistent results, and many food ingredients are still pending for defining their role in asthma development. Moreover, a novel approach looking not only at single food ingredients, but the whole dietary patterns and diversity has recently been proposed. In this paper, we discuss the current role of nutrients in asthma primary prevention and the reasons for inconsistencies in the study results. We look at single diet components, but also the whole dietary patterns. We describe the proposed mechanisms of action at different stages of life, identify the role of modifiers and delineate future perspectives on the application of nutrients in targeting strategies for asthma primary prevention.
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spelling pubmed-78277012021-01-25 Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand? Sozańska, Barbara Sikorska-Szaflik, Hanna Nutrients Review The steep increase in asthma prevalence, observed worldwide in recent decades, has created an urgent need to search for effective methods of its prevention. Among other environmental factors, changes in diet habits and the potential influence of individual food components on immunological processes have been extensively studied as a potential method of intervention in primary prevention of asthma. The preventive role of some nutrients has been confirmed: unpasteurized milk reduced the risk of asthma in epidemiological studies, vitamin D supplementation was effective in preventing the transient forms of wheezing in small children and high maternal intake of fish oil reduced the risk of persistent wheeze and asthma in children. However, not all studies provided consistent results, and many food ingredients are still pending for defining their role in asthma development. Moreover, a novel approach looking not only at single food ingredients, but the whole dietary patterns and diversity has recently been proposed. In this paper, we discuss the current role of nutrients in asthma primary prevention and the reasons for inconsistencies in the study results. We look at single diet components, but also the whole dietary patterns. We describe the proposed mechanisms of action at different stages of life, identify the role of modifiers and delineate future perspectives on the application of nutrients in targeting strategies for asthma primary prevention. MDPI 2021-01-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7827701/ /pubmed/33429965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010173 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sozańska, Barbara
Sikorska-Szaflik, Hanna
Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?
title Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?
title_full Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?
title_fullStr Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?
title_full_unstemmed Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?
title_short Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?
title_sort diet modifications in primary prevention of asthma. where do we stand?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7827701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33429965
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010173
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