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Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication

Ethylene glycol is an odorless, sweet-tasting liquid found in industrial solutions such as antifreeze and windshield wiper fluid. Brake fluid, an automobile transmission liquid, contains poisonous alcohols such as glycol ethers and ethylene glycols. The toxicity of ethylene glycol is associated with...

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Autores principales: Sasanami, Misa, Yamada, Taihei, Obara, Takafumi, Nakao, Atsunori, Naito, Hiromichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7827791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510981
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12268
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author Sasanami, Misa
Yamada, Taihei
Obara, Takafumi
Nakao, Atsunori
Naito, Hiromichi
author_facet Sasanami, Misa
Yamada, Taihei
Obara, Takafumi
Nakao, Atsunori
Naito, Hiromichi
author_sort Sasanami, Misa
collection PubMed
description Ethylene glycol is an odorless, sweet-tasting liquid found in industrial solutions such as antifreeze and windshield wiper fluid. Brake fluid, an automobile transmission liquid, contains poisonous alcohols such as glycol ethers and ethylene glycols. The toxicity of ethylene glycol is associated with toxic metabolite production by the liver enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Administration of either intravenous ethanol or fomepizole, both of which competitively inhibit ethylene glycol metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase and can prevent the production and accumulation of the toxic metabolites, can be used as an antidote. A 42-year-old male car mechanic was transferred to our hospital after accidentally ingesting approximately 100 mL of brake fluid. Immediately after ingestion, he threw up most of the ingested liquid; however, he complained of nausea and throat pain and was moved to our emergency department. The patient was successfully treated with administration of oral ethanol in the form of whisky through a nasogastric tube since neither intravenous ethanol nor fomepizole was available in our hospital at the time of his presentation. Our case demonstrates that oral ethanol can be used as an alternative treatment for patients with ethylene glycol intoxication.
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spelling pubmed-78277912021-01-27 Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication Sasanami, Misa Yamada, Taihei Obara, Takafumi Nakao, Atsunori Naito, Hiromichi Cureus Emergency Medicine Ethylene glycol is an odorless, sweet-tasting liquid found in industrial solutions such as antifreeze and windshield wiper fluid. Brake fluid, an automobile transmission liquid, contains poisonous alcohols such as glycol ethers and ethylene glycols. The toxicity of ethylene glycol is associated with toxic metabolite production by the liver enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Administration of either intravenous ethanol or fomepizole, both of which competitively inhibit ethylene glycol metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase and can prevent the production and accumulation of the toxic metabolites, can be used as an antidote. A 42-year-old male car mechanic was transferred to our hospital after accidentally ingesting approximately 100 mL of brake fluid. Immediately after ingestion, he threw up most of the ingested liquid; however, he complained of nausea and throat pain and was moved to our emergency department. The patient was successfully treated with administration of oral ethanol in the form of whisky through a nasogastric tube since neither intravenous ethanol nor fomepizole was available in our hospital at the time of his presentation. Our case demonstrates that oral ethanol can be used as an alternative treatment for patients with ethylene glycol intoxication. Cureus 2020-12-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7827791/ /pubmed/33510981 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12268 Text en Copyright © 2020, Sasanami et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Emergency Medicine
Sasanami, Misa
Yamada, Taihei
Obara, Takafumi
Nakao, Atsunori
Naito, Hiromichi
Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication
title Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication
title_full Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication
title_fullStr Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication
title_full_unstemmed Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication
title_short Oral Ethanol Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Intoxication
title_sort oral ethanol treatment for ethylene glycol intoxication
topic Emergency Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7827791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33510981
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12268
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