Mg(2+) Transporters in Digestive Cancers

Despite magnesium (Mg(2+)) representing the second most abundant cation in the cell, its role in cellular physiology and pathology is far from being elucidated. Mg(2+) homeostasis is regulated by Mg(2+) transporters including Mitochondrial RNA Splicing Protein 2 (MRS2), Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily M, Member 6/7 (TRPM6/7), Magnesium Transporter 1 (MAGT1), Solute Carrier Family 41 Member 1 (SCL41A1), and Cyclin and CBS Domain Divalent Metal Cation Transport Mediator (CNNM) proteins. Recent data show that Mg(2+) transporters may regulate several cancer cell hallmarks. In this review, we describe the expression of Mg(2+) transporters in digestive cancers, the most common and deadliest malignancies worldwide. Moreover, Mg(2+) transporters’ expression, correlation and impact on patient overall and disease-free survival is analyzed using Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. Finally, we discuss the role of these Mg(2+) transporters in the regulation of cancer cell fates and oncogenic signaling pathways.