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Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)

Improving transgender people’s quality of life (QoL) is the most important goal of gender-affirming care. Prospective changes in affect can influence QoL. We aim to assess the impact of initiating gender-affirming hormonal treatment (HT) on affect. In the European Network for the Investigation of Ge...

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Autores principales: Matthys, Imke, Defreyne, Justine, Elaut, Els, Fisher, Alessandra Daphne, Kreukels, Baudewijntje P. C., Staphorsius, Annemieke, Den Heijer, Martin, T’Sjoen, Guy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7829763/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33466910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020296
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author Matthys, Imke
Defreyne, Justine
Elaut, Els
Fisher, Alessandra Daphne
Kreukels, Baudewijntje P. C.
Staphorsius, Annemieke
Den Heijer, Martin
T’Sjoen, Guy
author_facet Matthys, Imke
Defreyne, Justine
Elaut, Els
Fisher, Alessandra Daphne
Kreukels, Baudewijntje P. C.
Staphorsius, Annemieke
Den Heijer, Martin
T’Sjoen, Guy
author_sort Matthys, Imke
collection PubMed
description Improving transgender people’s quality of life (QoL) is the most important goal of gender-affirming care. Prospective changes in affect can influence QoL. We aim to assess the impact of initiating gender-affirming hormonal treatment (HT) on affect. In the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI) study, we prospectively collected data of 873 participants (451 transwomen (TW) and 422 transmen (TM)). At baseline, psychological questionnaires including the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were administered. The PANAS, levels of sex steroids and physical changes were registered at each follow-up visit during a 3-year follow-up period, starting at the initiation of hormonal therapy. Data were analyzed cross-sectionally and prospectively. Over the first three months, we observed a decline in positive affect (PA) in both TM and TW. Thereafter, PA reached a steady state in TW, whereas in TM there was also a second decline at 18 months. In both TM and TW there was no persisting difference comparing baseline to the 36-months results. Concerning negative affect (NA), we observed a decline during the first year in TM, which sustained during the second year and was not different anymore at 36 months compared to baseline. In TW though, we did not find any change of NA during the entire follow-up. Even if some of these results show significant differences, they should be considered with caution, since there was no control group and the absolute differences are small. No association between affect and the level of sex steroids was observed. Baseline QoL and psychological burden are related to affect independently from gender but are not necessarily good predictors of the evolution of one’s affect during the gender-affirming process. Further research is necessary to investigate these preliminary results.
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spelling pubmed-78297632021-01-26 Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI) Matthys, Imke Defreyne, Justine Elaut, Els Fisher, Alessandra Daphne Kreukels, Baudewijntje P. C. Staphorsius, Annemieke Den Heijer, Martin T’Sjoen, Guy J Clin Med Article Improving transgender people’s quality of life (QoL) is the most important goal of gender-affirming care. Prospective changes in affect can influence QoL. We aim to assess the impact of initiating gender-affirming hormonal treatment (HT) on affect. In the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI) study, we prospectively collected data of 873 participants (451 transwomen (TW) and 422 transmen (TM)). At baseline, psychological questionnaires including the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were administered. The PANAS, levels of sex steroids and physical changes were registered at each follow-up visit during a 3-year follow-up period, starting at the initiation of hormonal therapy. Data were analyzed cross-sectionally and prospectively. Over the first three months, we observed a decline in positive affect (PA) in both TM and TW. Thereafter, PA reached a steady state in TW, whereas in TM there was also a second decline at 18 months. In both TM and TW there was no persisting difference comparing baseline to the 36-months results. Concerning negative affect (NA), we observed a decline during the first year in TM, which sustained during the second year and was not different anymore at 36 months compared to baseline. In TW though, we did not find any change of NA during the entire follow-up. Even if some of these results show significant differences, they should be considered with caution, since there was no control group and the absolute differences are small. No association between affect and the level of sex steroids was observed. Baseline QoL and psychological burden are related to affect independently from gender but are not necessarily good predictors of the evolution of one’s affect during the gender-affirming process. Further research is necessary to investigate these preliminary results. MDPI 2021-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7829763/ /pubmed/33466910 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020296 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Matthys, Imke
Defreyne, Justine
Elaut, Els
Fisher, Alessandra Daphne
Kreukels, Baudewijntje P. C.
Staphorsius, Annemieke
Den Heijer, Martin
T’Sjoen, Guy
Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)
title Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)
title_full Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)
title_fullStr Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)
title_full_unstemmed Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)
title_short Positive and Negative Affect Changes during Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)
title_sort positive and negative affect changes during gender-affirming hormonal treatment: results from the european network for the investigation of gender incongruence (enigi)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7829763/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33466910
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020296
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