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Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study

Objectives. We investigated the association between physical fitness and cognitive status. Further, we examined whether physical fitness mediates the association between cognitive functioning and aging. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Urban and rural Colombian older adults. Methods. 4416 par...

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Autores principales: Pérez-Sousa, Miguel Ángel, del Pozo-Cruz, Jesús, Olivares, Pedro R., Cano-Gutiérrez, Carlos A., Izquierdo, Mikel, Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7829928/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33477293
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020751
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author Pérez-Sousa, Miguel Ángel
del Pozo-Cruz, Jesús
Olivares, Pedro R.
Cano-Gutiérrez, Carlos A.
Izquierdo, Mikel
Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson
author_facet Pérez-Sousa, Miguel Ángel
del Pozo-Cruz, Jesús
Olivares, Pedro R.
Cano-Gutiérrez, Carlos A.
Izquierdo, Mikel
Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson
author_sort Pérez-Sousa, Miguel Ángel
collection PubMed
description Objectives. We investigated the association between physical fitness and cognitive status. Further, we examined whether physical fitness mediates the association between cognitive functioning and aging. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Urban and rural Colombian older adults. Methods. 4416 participants from the SABE study were included in the current analysis. Physical fitness was assessed with the handgrip test and the usual gait speed test. Cognitive status was evaluated through the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination. A parallel mediation path was used to test the possible mediator role of physical fitness between aging and cognitive functioning. Results. Older adults with lower handgrip strength (HGS) were more likely to have mild-cognitive status than older adults with healthy HGS (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.15; 2.02). In addition, older adults with a slower gait speed were more likely to have mild cognitive impairment (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.54; 2.78). Age had an inverse relationship with cognitive function (β = −0.110, 95% CI = −0.130; −0.100) and it was also inversely associated with HGS (β = −0.003, 95% CI = −0.005; −0.002) and gait speed (β = −0.010, 95% CI = −0.011; −0.009). The indirect effects, which indicate that the effect of age on cognitive function is transmitted through mediators, showed that both gait speed (β = −0.028, 95% CI = −0.036; −0.020) and HGS (β = −0.014, 95% CI = −0.024; −0.005) were independent mediators of the detrimental effect of aging on cognitive function. Conclusions. Physical fitness mediates the effects of aging on cognitive functioning. Our findings suggest that physical activity can be a key factor to prevent cognitive deterioration during aging process.
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spelling pubmed-78299282021-01-26 Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study Pérez-Sousa, Miguel Ángel del Pozo-Cruz, Jesús Olivares, Pedro R. Cano-Gutiérrez, Carlos A. Izquierdo, Mikel Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Objectives. We investigated the association between physical fitness and cognitive status. Further, we examined whether physical fitness mediates the association between cognitive functioning and aging. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Urban and rural Colombian older adults. Methods. 4416 participants from the SABE study were included in the current analysis. Physical fitness was assessed with the handgrip test and the usual gait speed test. Cognitive status was evaluated through the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination. A parallel mediation path was used to test the possible mediator role of physical fitness between aging and cognitive functioning. Results. Older adults with lower handgrip strength (HGS) were more likely to have mild-cognitive status than older adults with healthy HGS (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.15; 2.02). In addition, older adults with a slower gait speed were more likely to have mild cognitive impairment (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.54; 2.78). Age had an inverse relationship with cognitive function (β = −0.110, 95% CI = −0.130; −0.100) and it was also inversely associated with HGS (β = −0.003, 95% CI = −0.005; −0.002) and gait speed (β = −0.010, 95% CI = −0.011; −0.009). The indirect effects, which indicate that the effect of age on cognitive function is transmitted through mediators, showed that both gait speed (β = −0.028, 95% CI = −0.036; −0.020) and HGS (β = −0.014, 95% CI = −0.024; −0.005) were independent mediators of the detrimental effect of aging on cognitive function. Conclusions. Physical fitness mediates the effects of aging on cognitive functioning. Our findings suggest that physical activity can be a key factor to prevent cognitive deterioration during aging process. MDPI 2021-01-17 2021-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7829928/ /pubmed/33477293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020751 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Pérez-Sousa, Miguel Ángel
del Pozo-Cruz, Jesús
Olivares, Pedro R.
Cano-Gutiérrez, Carlos A.
Izquierdo, Mikel
Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson
Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study
title Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study
title_full Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study
title_fullStr Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study
title_full_unstemmed Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study
title_short Role for Physical Fitness in the Association between Age and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Mediation Analysis of the SABE Colombia Study
title_sort role for physical fitness in the association between age and cognitive function in older adults: a mediation analysis of the sabe colombia study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7829928/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33477293
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020751
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