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Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters
As a result of mass media development, disaster-related information, such as the severity of damage, can be easily shared; thus, the issue of consequent indirect trauma has become as important as that of direct trauma. This study developed a scale to measure the degree of indirect trauma caused by m...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7830079/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33467475 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020698 |
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author | Choi, Eun Young Choi, Seung-Hye Lee, Haeyoung |
author_facet | Choi, Eun Young Choi, Seung-Hye Lee, Haeyoung |
author_sort | Choi, Eun Young |
collection | PubMed |
description | As a result of mass media development, disaster-related information, such as the severity of damage, can be easily shared; thus, the issue of consequent indirect trauma has become as important as that of direct trauma. This study developed a scale to measure the degree of indirect trauma caused by media exposure to social disasters and then verified this scale’s reliability and validity. Initial items were developed through a literature review; 39 items were selected by examining their content validity and conducting a pretest. To verify the scale’s validity and reliability, exploratory factor analyses were conducted, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated. The explanatory power of the screening scale developed through this study was 62.2%. The scale was ultimately composed of three factors comprising 24 items. Through exploratory factor analyses, factors were identified as “psychological, physical, and behavioral responses to social disasters” (factor 1), “moral resentment due to social disasters” (factor 2), and “a sense of threat to life due to social disasters” (factor 3). Regarding internal reliability, Cronbach’s alpha values ranged between 0.85 and 0.96. Future studies with expanded participant populations are suggested, which could further verify the scale’s validity and reliability and complement its shortcomings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7830079 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78300792021-01-26 Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters Choi, Eun Young Choi, Seung-Hye Lee, Haeyoung Int J Environ Res Public Health Article As a result of mass media development, disaster-related information, such as the severity of damage, can be easily shared; thus, the issue of consequent indirect trauma has become as important as that of direct trauma. This study developed a scale to measure the degree of indirect trauma caused by media exposure to social disasters and then verified this scale’s reliability and validity. Initial items were developed through a literature review; 39 items were selected by examining their content validity and conducting a pretest. To verify the scale’s validity and reliability, exploratory factor analyses were conducted, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated. The explanatory power of the screening scale developed through this study was 62.2%. The scale was ultimately composed of three factors comprising 24 items. Through exploratory factor analyses, factors were identified as “psychological, physical, and behavioral responses to social disasters” (factor 1), “moral resentment due to social disasters” (factor 2), and “a sense of threat to life due to social disasters” (factor 3). Regarding internal reliability, Cronbach’s alpha values ranged between 0.85 and 0.96. Future studies with expanded participant populations are suggested, which could further verify the scale’s validity and reliability and complement its shortcomings. MDPI 2021-01-15 2021-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7830079/ /pubmed/33467475 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020698 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Choi, Eun Young Choi, Seung-Hye Lee, Haeyoung Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters |
title | Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters |
title_full | Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters |
title_fullStr | Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters |
title_full_unstemmed | Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters |
title_short | Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters |
title_sort | development and evaluation of a screening scale for indirect trauma caused by media exposure to social disasters |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7830079/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33467475 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020698 |
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