Cargando…

3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works

Analog and digital SiPMs have revolutionized the field of radiation instrumentation by replacing both avalanche photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes in many applications. However, multiple applications require greater performance than the current SiPMs are capable of, for example timing resolution...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pratte, Jean-François, Nolet, Frédéric, Parent, Samuel, Vachon, Frédéric, Roy, Nicolas, Rossignol, Tommy, Deslandes, Keven, Dautet, Henri, Fontaine, Réjean, Charlebois, Serge A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7830581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33467016
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020598
_version_ 1783641449630269440
author Pratte, Jean-François
Nolet, Frédéric
Parent, Samuel
Vachon, Frédéric
Roy, Nicolas
Rossignol, Tommy
Deslandes, Keven
Dautet, Henri
Fontaine, Réjean
Charlebois, Serge A.
author_facet Pratte, Jean-François
Nolet, Frédéric
Parent, Samuel
Vachon, Frédéric
Roy, Nicolas
Rossignol, Tommy
Deslandes, Keven
Dautet, Henri
Fontaine, Réjean
Charlebois, Serge A.
author_sort Pratte, Jean-François
collection PubMed
description Analog and digital SiPMs have revolutionized the field of radiation instrumentation by replacing both avalanche photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes in many applications. However, multiple applications require greater performance than the current SiPMs are capable of, for example timing resolution for time-of-flight positron emission tomography and time-of-flight computed tomography, and mitigation of the large output capacitance of SiPM array for large-scale time projection chambers for liquid argon and liquid xenon experiments. In this contribution, the case will be made that 3D photon-to-digital converters, also known as 3D digital SiPMs, have a potentially superior performance over analog and 2D digital SiPMs. A review of 3D photon-to-digital converters is presented along with various applications where they can make a difference, such as time-of-flight medical imaging systems and low-background experiments in noble liquids. Finally, a review of the key design choices that must be made to obtain an optimized 3D photon-to-digital converter for radiation instrumentation, more specifically the single-photon avalanche diode array, the CMOS technology, the quenching circuit, the time-to-digital converter, the digital signal processing and the system level integration, are discussed in detail.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7830581
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-78305812021-01-26 3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works Pratte, Jean-François Nolet, Frédéric Parent, Samuel Vachon, Frédéric Roy, Nicolas Rossignol, Tommy Deslandes, Keven Dautet, Henri Fontaine, Réjean Charlebois, Serge A. Sensors (Basel) Review Analog and digital SiPMs have revolutionized the field of radiation instrumentation by replacing both avalanche photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes in many applications. However, multiple applications require greater performance than the current SiPMs are capable of, for example timing resolution for time-of-flight positron emission tomography and time-of-flight computed tomography, and mitigation of the large output capacitance of SiPM array for large-scale time projection chambers for liquid argon and liquid xenon experiments. In this contribution, the case will be made that 3D photon-to-digital converters, also known as 3D digital SiPMs, have a potentially superior performance over analog and 2D digital SiPMs. A review of 3D photon-to-digital converters is presented along with various applications where they can make a difference, such as time-of-flight medical imaging systems and low-background experiments in noble liquids. Finally, a review of the key design choices that must be made to obtain an optimized 3D photon-to-digital converter for radiation instrumentation, more specifically the single-photon avalanche diode array, the CMOS technology, the quenching circuit, the time-to-digital converter, the digital signal processing and the system level integration, are discussed in detail. MDPI 2021-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7830581/ /pubmed/33467016 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020598 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Pratte, Jean-François
Nolet, Frédéric
Parent, Samuel
Vachon, Frédéric
Roy, Nicolas
Rossignol, Tommy
Deslandes, Keven
Dautet, Henri
Fontaine, Réjean
Charlebois, Serge A.
3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works
title 3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works
title_full 3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works
title_fullStr 3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works
title_full_unstemmed 3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works
title_short 3D Photon-To-Digital Converter for Radiation Instrumentation: Motivation and Future Works
title_sort 3d photon-to-digital converter for radiation instrumentation: motivation and future works
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7830581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33467016
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020598
work_keys_str_mv AT prattejeanfrancois 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT noletfrederic 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT parentsamuel 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT vachonfrederic 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT roynicolas 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT rossignoltommy 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT deslandeskeven 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT dautethenri 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT fontainerejean 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks
AT charleboissergea 3dphotontodigitalconverterforradiationinstrumentationmotivationandfutureworks