Review a brief history of coronaviruses in Thailand

As with many countries around the world, Thailand is currently experiencing restrictions to daily life as a consequence of the worldwide transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is the third respiratory syndrome coronavirus to be introduced into Thailand, following previous importation of cases of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS). Unlike SARS and MERS, SARS-CoV-2 was able to establish local transmission in Thailand. In addition to the imported coronaviruses, Thailand has a number of endemic coronaviruses that can affect livestock and pet species, can be found in bats, as well as four human coronaviruses that are mostly associated with the common cold. This article seeks to review what is known on both the endemic and imported coronaviruses in Thailand.