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Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation

Fatty acids play a crucial role in the brain as specific receptor ligands and as precursors of bioactive metabolites. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-6) present in meat and dairy products of ruminants and synthesized endogenous...

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Autores principales: Murru, Elisabetta, Carta, Gianfranca, Manca, Claudia, Sogos, Valeria, Pistis, Marco, Melis, Miriam, Banni, Sebastiano
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7832089/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33505308
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.587140
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author Murru, Elisabetta
Carta, Gianfranca
Manca, Claudia
Sogos, Valeria
Pistis, Marco
Melis, Miriam
Banni, Sebastiano
author_facet Murru, Elisabetta
Carta, Gianfranca
Manca, Claudia
Sogos, Valeria
Pistis, Marco
Melis, Miriam
Banni, Sebastiano
author_sort Murru, Elisabetta
collection PubMed
description Fatty acids play a crucial role in the brain as specific receptor ligands and as precursors of bioactive metabolites. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-6) present in meat and dairy products of ruminants and synthesized endogenously in non-ruminants and humans, has been shown to possess different nutritional properties associated with health benefits. Its ability to bind to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α, a nuclear receptor key regulator of fatty acid metabolism and inflammatory responses, partly mediates these beneficial effects. CLA is incorporated and metabolized into brain tissue where induces the biosynthesis of endogenous PPARα ligands palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA), likely through a positive feedback mechanism where PPARα activation sustains its own cellular effects through ligand biosynthesis. In addition to PPARα, PEA and OEA may as well bind to other receptors such as TRPV1, further extending CLA own anti-neuroinflammatory actions. Future studies are needed to investigate whether dietary CLA may exert anti-inflammatory activity, particularly in the setting of neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders with a neuroinflammatory basis.
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spelling pubmed-78320892021-01-26 Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation Murru, Elisabetta Carta, Gianfranca Manca, Claudia Sogos, Valeria Pistis, Marco Melis, Miriam Banni, Sebastiano Front Pharmacol Pharmacology Fatty acids play a crucial role in the brain as specific receptor ligands and as precursors of bioactive metabolites. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 n-6) present in meat and dairy products of ruminants and synthesized endogenously in non-ruminants and humans, has been shown to possess different nutritional properties associated with health benefits. Its ability to bind to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α, a nuclear receptor key regulator of fatty acid metabolism and inflammatory responses, partly mediates these beneficial effects. CLA is incorporated and metabolized into brain tissue where induces the biosynthesis of endogenous PPARα ligands palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA), likely through a positive feedback mechanism where PPARα activation sustains its own cellular effects through ligand biosynthesis. In addition to PPARα, PEA and OEA may as well bind to other receptors such as TRPV1, further extending CLA own anti-neuroinflammatory actions. Future studies are needed to investigate whether dietary CLA may exert anti-inflammatory activity, particularly in the setting of neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders with a neuroinflammatory basis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7832089/ /pubmed/33505308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.587140 Text en Copyright © 2021 Murru, Carta, Manca, Sogos, Pistis, Melis and Banni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pharmacology
Murru, Elisabetta
Carta, Gianfranca
Manca, Claudia
Sogos, Valeria
Pistis, Marco
Melis, Miriam
Banni, Sebastiano
Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation
title Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation
title_full Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation
title_fullStr Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation
title_full_unstemmed Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation
title_short Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Brain Metabolism: A Possible Anti-Neuroinflammatory Role Mediated by PPARα Activation
title_sort conjugated linoleic acid and brain metabolism: a possible anti-neuroinflammatory role mediated by pparα activation
topic Pharmacology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7832089/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33505308
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.587140
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