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Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is one of the most promising approaches to effectively monitor the spread of COVID-19. The virus concentration in faeces and its temporal variations are essential information for WBE. While some clinical studies have reported SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in faeces, t...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7833251/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33477053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144549 |
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author | Miura, Fuminari Kitajima, Masaaki Omori, Ryosuke |
author_facet | Miura, Fuminari Kitajima, Masaaki Omori, Ryosuke |
author_sort | Miura, Fuminari |
collection | PubMed |
description | Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is one of the most promising approaches to effectively monitor the spread of COVID-19. The virus concentration in faeces and its temporal variations are essential information for WBE. While some clinical studies have reported SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in faeces, the value varies amongst patients and changes over time. The present study aimed to examine how the temporal variations in the concentration of virus in faeces affect the monitoring of disease incidence. We reanalysed the experimental findings of clinical studies to estimate the duration of virus shedding and the faecal virus concentration. Available experimental data as of 23 October 2020 were collected. The viral shedding kinetics was modelled, and the dynamic model was fitted to the collected data by a Bayesian framework. Using posterior distributions, the duration of viral shedding and the concentration of virus copies in faeces over time were computed. We estimated the median concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in faeces as 3.4 (95% CrI: 0.24–6.5) log copies per gram-faeces over the shedding period, and our model implied that the duration of viral shedding was 26.0 days (95% CrI: 21.7–34.9), given the current standard quantification limit (Ct = 40). With simulated incidences, our results also indicated that a one-week delay between symptom onset and wastewater sampling increased the estimation of incidence by a factor of 17.2 (i.e., 10(1.24) times higher). Our results demonstrated that the temporal variation in virus concentration in faeces affects microbial monitoring systems such as WBE. The present study also implied the need for adjusting the estimates of virus concentration in faeces by incorporating the kinetics of unobserved concentrations. The method used in this study is easily implemented in further simulations; therefore, the results of this study might contribute to enhancing disease surveillance and risk assessments that require quantities of virus to be excreted into the environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7833251 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78332512021-01-26 Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model Miura, Fuminari Kitajima, Masaaki Omori, Ryosuke Sci Total Environ Short Communication Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is one of the most promising approaches to effectively monitor the spread of COVID-19. The virus concentration in faeces and its temporal variations are essential information for WBE. While some clinical studies have reported SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in faeces, the value varies amongst patients and changes over time. The present study aimed to examine how the temporal variations in the concentration of virus in faeces affect the monitoring of disease incidence. We reanalysed the experimental findings of clinical studies to estimate the duration of virus shedding and the faecal virus concentration. Available experimental data as of 23 October 2020 were collected. The viral shedding kinetics was modelled, and the dynamic model was fitted to the collected data by a Bayesian framework. Using posterior distributions, the duration of viral shedding and the concentration of virus copies in faeces over time were computed. We estimated the median concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in faeces as 3.4 (95% CrI: 0.24–6.5) log copies per gram-faeces over the shedding period, and our model implied that the duration of viral shedding was 26.0 days (95% CrI: 21.7–34.9), given the current standard quantification limit (Ct = 40). With simulated incidences, our results also indicated that a one-week delay between symptom onset and wastewater sampling increased the estimation of incidence by a factor of 17.2 (i.e., 10(1.24) times higher). Our results demonstrated that the temporal variation in virus concentration in faeces affects microbial monitoring systems such as WBE. The present study also implied the need for adjusting the estimates of virus concentration in faeces by incorporating the kinetics of unobserved concentrations. The method used in this study is easily implemented in further simulations; therefore, the results of this study might contribute to enhancing disease surveillance and risk assessments that require quantities of virus to be excreted into the environment. The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. 2021-05-15 2021-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7833251/ /pubmed/33477053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144549 Text en © 2021 The Authors Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Short Communication Miura, Fuminari Kitajima, Masaaki Omori, Ryosuke Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model |
title | Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model |
title_full | Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model |
title_fullStr | Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model |
title_full_unstemmed | Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model |
title_short | Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: Re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model |
title_sort | duration of sars-cov-2 viral shedding in faeces as a parameter for wastewater-based epidemiology: re-analysis of patient data using a shedding dynamics model |
topic | Short Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7833251/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33477053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144549 |
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